Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Division of Pediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Gut. 2024 Mar 7;73(4):590-600. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330971.
We assessed whether early-life diet quality and food intake frequencies were associated with subsequent IBD.
Prospectively recorded 1-year and 3-year questionnaires in children from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden and The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study were used to assess diet quality using a Healthy Eating Index and intake frequency of food groups. IBD was defined as >2 diagnoses in national patient registers. Cox regression yielded HRs adjusted (aHRs) for child's sex, parental IBD, origin, education level and maternal comorbidities. Cohort-specific results were pooled using a random-effects model.
During 1 304 433 person-years of follow-up, we followed 81 280 participants from birth through childhood and adolescence, whereof 307 were diagnosed with IBD. Compared with low diet quality, medium and high diet quality at 1 year of age were associated with a reduced risk of IBD (pooled aHR 0.75 (95% CI=0.58 to 0.98) and 0.75 (95% CI=0.56 to 1.00)). The pooled aHR per increase of category was 0.86 (0.74 to 0.99). Pooled aHR for children 1 year old with high versus low fish intake was 0.70 (95% CI=0.49 to 1.00) for IBD, and showed association with reduced risk of UC (pooled aHR=0.46; 95% CI=0.21, 0.99). Higher vegetable intake at 1 year was associated with a risk reduction in IBD. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with an increased risk of IBD. Diet quality at 3 years was not associated with IBD.
In this Scandinavian birth cohort, high diet quality and fish intake in early life were associated with a reduced risk of IBD.
我们评估了儿童早期饮食质量和食物摄入频率是否与随后发生的炎症性肠病（IBD）有关。
使用来自瑞典东南部所有婴儿和挪威母婴队列研究的前瞻性记录的 1 年和 3 年问卷，使用健康饮食指数和食物组的摄入频率来评估饮食质量。IBD 的定义为国家患者登记册中>2 次诊断。Cox 回归得出了调整后的儿童性别、父母 IBD、原籍、教育水平和母亲合并症的风险比（aHR）。使用随机效应模型汇总特定队列的结果。
在 1304433 人年的随访期间，我们从出生到儿童期和青春期随访了 81280 名参与者，其中 307 人被诊断为 IBD。与低饮食质量相比，1 岁时的中等和高饮食质量与 IBD 的风险降低相关（汇总 aHR 0.75（95%CI=0.58 至 0.98）和 0.75（95%CI=0.56 至 1.00））。每增加一个类别的汇总 aHR 为 0.86（0.74 至 0.99）。1 岁时高与低鱼类摄入量的儿童的汇总 aHR 为 IBD 的 0.70（95%CI=0.49 至 1.00），并且与 UC 的风险降低相关（汇总 aHR=0.46；95%CI=0.21，0.99）。1 岁时较高的蔬菜摄入量与 IBD 的风险降低相关。糖饮料的摄入量与 IBD 的风险增加相关。3 岁时的饮食质量与 IBD 无关。
在这项斯堪的纳维亚出生队列研究中，儿童早期的高饮食质量和鱼类摄入与 IBD 的风险降低有关。
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