Yu Xiaoyan, Li Miqi, Du Meichen, Wang Ying, Liu Yu, Wang Hui
Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Jan 31;23(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-01766-7.
The appropriate nurse staffing reflects the situation of nursing management of human resources. Nurse managers have a pivotal role in determining a competent and sufficient number of nurses. It is important to understand the factors influencing nurse staffing to promote appropriate staffing levels. The study aimed to explore the factors affecting nurse staffing from the perspective of nursing managers.
Purposive sampling was adopted to recruit 14 nurse managers from secondary and tertiary hospitals located in the central region of China, and semi-structured interviews via telephone were conducted from April to May 2022. Interview transcripts were analyzed and collated using thematic analysis.
This research identified four themes and ten subthemes influencing nurse staffing. Extracted themes include: government level (inadequacy of mandatory policies, budgetary constraints), hospital level (hospital characteristics, the control of nurse labor costs, inadequate support on nursing), patient level (patient characteristics, increasing care needs), and nurse level (nurse shortage, skill-mix, individual high-level needs).
The findings indicate that it is crucial for decision-makers or policymakers to legislate for safe nurse staffing and establish effective supervision and funding incentives. Tailored interventions are also needed to improve the organizational context, address the nurse workforce and balance the structure of nurse staff.
合适的护士人员配置反映了护理人力资源管理的状况。护士管理者在确定足够数量且胜任的护士方面起着关键作用。了解影响护士人员配置的因素对于促进适当的人员配置水平很重要。本研究旨在从护理管理者的角度探索影响护士人员配置的因素。
采用目的抽样法，从中国中部地区的二级和三级医院招募了14名护士管理者，并于2022年4月至5月通过电话进行了半结构化访谈。使用主题分析法对访谈记录进行分析和整理。
本研究确定了影响护士人员配置的四个主题和十个子主题。提取的主题包括：政府层面（强制性政策不足、预算限制）、医院层面（医院特征、护士劳动力成本控制、对护理的支持不足）、患者层面（患者特征、护理需求增加）和护士层面（护士短缺、技能组合、个人高层次需求）。
研究结果表明，决策者或政策制定者为安全的护士人员配置立法并建立有效的监督和资金激励措施至关重要。还需要采取针对性的干预措施来改善组织环境、解决护士劳动力问题并平衡护士人员结构。
