Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; These authors equally contributed to this paper. E-mail:
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Holonyak Micro & Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; These authors equally contributed to this paper.
J Water Health. 2024 Jan;22(1):138-146. doi: 10.2166/wh.2023.117.
In this study, two types of woodchip-amended biosand filters (Filter A sand: woodchip = 33%: 67% versus Filter B sand: woodchip = 50%: 50%, by volume) were constructed, and their abilities to remove MS2 bacteriophage and nitrate were investigated. The results indicated that Filter A and Filter B could reduce nitrate up to 40 and 36%, respectively, indicating that the nitrate reduction increased with the increase in woodchip proportion. The study underscores a positive correlation between nitrate reduction and proportional increase in woodchip content, implying the potential for fine-tuning nitrate removal by varying sand-woodchip compositions. W-BSFs could remove MS2 bacteriophage to 1.91-log10 (98.8%) by Filter A and 1.88-log10 (98.7%) by Filter B over 39 weeks. The difference in sand-woodchip proportion did not significantly impact the MS2 reduction, demonstrating that a single W-BSF can maintain its virus removal performance fairly well over a long-term period. These results indicated that the nitrate reduction could be adjusted by varying sand-woodchip contents without impacting virus removal performance. Microbial community analysis indicated that the nitrate removal by the W-BSFs could be attributed to the denitrifying bacteria, such as the family Streptomycetaceae, the genera Pseudomonas, and Bacillus, and relative abundances of the phylum Nitrospirae.
在这项研究中，构建了两种类型的木屑改良生物砂滤器（A 滤砂：木屑=33%：67%与 B 滤砂：木屑=50%：50%，按体积计），并研究了它们去除 MS2 噬菌体和硝酸盐的能力。结果表明，A 滤器和 B 滤器分别可以将硝酸盐降低 40%和 36%，这表明硝酸盐还原率随木屑比例的增加而增加。该研究强调了硝酸盐还原率与木屑含量比例增加之间的正相关关系，这意味着通过改变砂-木屑组成来微调硝酸盐去除的潜力。W-BSF 可通过 A 滤器去除 MS2 噬菌体达 1.91-log10（98.8%），通过 B 滤器去除 1.88-log10（98.7%），历时 39 周。砂-木屑比例的差异对 MS2 的减少没有显著影响，表明单个 W-BSF 可以在较长时间内很好地保持其病毒去除性能。这些结果表明，通过改变砂-木屑含量可以调整硝酸盐还原，而不会影响病毒去除性能。微生物群落分析表明，W-BSF 对硝酸盐的去除可归因于反硝化细菌，如链霉菌科、假单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属，以及硝化螺旋菌门的相对丰度。
