Relationship between the Number of Pharmacists per Pharmacy and the Provision of Home Healthcare Services in Japan.

Home healthcare services provided by community pharmacists are essential for maintaining community care, especially in Japan's aging population. Personnel shortage in pharmacies is occasionally cited as the reason why pharmacies are unable to provide home healthcare services. This study examined the relationship between the number of pharmacists in each pharmacy and the provision of home healthcare services. The number of full-time and part-time pharmacists per pharmacy has a positive impact on the provision of home healthcare services. Moreover, the larger the number of pharmacists per pharmacy, the easier it is for the pharmacy to provide home healthcare services. With regard to pharmacies with one full-time pharmacist, there are more pharmacies that provide home healthcare services when the population density of municipalities where the pharmacy is located is high. However, the impact of the number of pharmacists on population density became obscure when the number of full-time pharmacists per pharmacy was three or more. Taken together, these findings indicate that the provision of home healthcare services by pharmacies is related to the number of pharmacists per pharmacy and the population density of the area. This could have implications for widening regional disparities in home healthcare services.