Laboratory of Ecology, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Mexico.
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González and School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mexico.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 23;77(4):213-219. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2023.389. Epub 2024 Jan 31.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nonfermenting Gram-negative drug-resistant pathogen that causes healthcare-associated infections. Clinical isolates from Mexico were assessed for biofilm formation using crystal violet staining. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated in planktonic and biofilm cells using the broth microdilution method. The effects of antibiotics on biofilms were visualized using fluorescence microscopy. Fifty isolates were included in this study, of which 14 (28%) were biofilm producers (9 [64%] from blood and 5 [36%] from respiratory samples). In planktonic cells 4/50 (8%) of isolates were resistant to levofloxacin (8.0%) and 22/50 (44%) were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All isolates were resistant to levofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in biofilm cells. Bacterial biofilms treated with different concentrations of both antibiotics were completely disrupted. In conclusion, S. maltophilia isolated from blood had higher biofilm production than those isolated from respiratory samples. Biofilm production was associated with increased antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic monotherapy might not be the best course of action for the treatment of S. maltophilia infections in Mexico, because it might cause biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance.
嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌是一种不发酵革兰氏阴性耐药病原体，可引起与医疗保健相关的感染。评估了来自墨西哥的临床分离物的生物膜形成情况，使用结晶紫染色法。使用肉汤微量稀释法评估浮游和生物膜细胞中的抗生素敏感性。使用荧光显微镜观察抗生素对生物膜的影响。本研究纳入了 50 株分离物，其中 14 株（28%）为生物膜产生菌（9 株[64%]来自血液，5 株[36%]来自呼吸道样本）。在浮游细胞中，有 4/50（8%）株对左氧氟沙星（8.0%）耐药，22/50（44%）株对复方磺胺甲噁唑耐药。所有分离物在生物膜细胞中均对左氧氟沙星和复方磺胺甲噁唑耐药。用两种抗生素的不同浓度处理的细菌生物膜被完全破坏。总之，从血液中分离出的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌比从呼吸道样本中分离出的生物膜产生量更高。生物膜的产生与抗生素耐药性的增加有关。在墨西哥，抗生素单药治疗可能不是治疗嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌感染的最佳方法，因为它可能导致生物膜的产生和抗生素耐药性。
