Qi Jianzhao, Kang Shi-Jie, Zhao Ling, Gao Jin-Ming, Liu Chengwei
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, Xi'an, 710077, China.
Nat Prod Bioprospect. 2024 Feb 1;14(1):13. doi: 10.1007/s13659-024-00435-1.
Glycosylation is a prevalent post-modification found in natural products and has a significant impact on the structural diversity and activity variation of natural products. Glucosylation is the most common type of glycosylation, whereas xylosylation is relatively rare. Despite their unique chemical structures and beneficial activities, xylosylated natural products from microorganisms have received little attention. This review provides, for the first time, a comprehensive summary of 126 microbial-derived xylosylated natural products, including xylosyl-cyathane diterpenes, xylosylated triterpenes, xylosyl aromatic compounds, and others. Among these compounds, xylosyl-cyathane diterpenes represent the highest number of derivatives, followed by xylosylated triterpenes. Xylosyl compounds from bacterial sources have less defined structural profiles compared to those from fungi. The characterization of xylosyltransferase EriJ from Basidiomycota extended the structural diversity of xylosyl cyathane diterpenes. This work provides a valuable reference for the research and use of xylosyltransferase for drug discovery and synthetic chemistry. Further work is needed to explore the potential applications of microbial derived xylosyl compounds and to develop novel xylosyl transferases. With the deepening of genomic sequencing of medicinal fungi, more biosynthesis of bioactive xylosyl compounds is expected to be elucidated in the future.
糖基化是天然产物中普遍存在的一种修饰后修饰，对天然产物的结构多样性和活性变化有重大影响。葡萄糖基化是最常见的糖基化类型，而木糖基化则相对较少见。尽管微生物来源的木糖基化天然产物具有独特的化学结构和有益活性，但却很少受到关注。本综述首次全面总结了126种微生物来源的木糖基化天然产物，包括木糖基-海绵烷二萜、木糖基化三萜、木糖基芳香化合物等。在这些化合物中，木糖基-海绵烷二萜的衍生物数量最多，其次是木糖基化三萜。与真菌来源的木糖基化合物相比，细菌来源的木糖基化合物结构特征更不明确。担子菌纲木糖基转移酶EriJ的表征扩展了木糖基海绵烷二萜的结构多样性。这项工作为利用木糖基转移酶进行药物发现和合成化学研究提供了有价值的参考。需要进一步开展工作来探索微生物来源木糖基化合物的潜在应用，并开发新型木糖基转移酶。随着药用真菌基因组测序的深入，预计未来将阐明更多生物活性木糖基化合物的生物合成过程。
