Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 1;14(1):2718. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52452-2.
Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cirrhosis, especially those caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence and type of infection in these patients may have been influenced by the restrictive measures implemented. We aimed to compare the infections in patients with cirrhosis hospitalized before the COVID-19 pandemic versus those hospitalized during the pandemic. We retrospectively compared infections in patients with cirrhosis hospitalized in the hepatology unit during the pre-pandemic period (3/2019-2/2020) with infections in patients hospitalized during the pandemic (3/2020-2/2021). Baseline characteristics, type of infections, type of bacteria, antimicrobial resistance and mortality were evaluated. There were 251 hospitalizations in 170 patients during the pre-pandemic period and 169 hospitalizations in 114 patients during the pandemic period. One or more infections were identified in 40.6% of hospitalizations during the pre-pandemic period and 43.8% of hospitalizations during the pandemic, P = 0.52. We found 131 infections in the pre-pandemic period and 75 infections during the pandemic. The percentage of nosocomial infections decreased in the pandemic period (25.3% vs. 37.4% in the pre-pandemic period, P = 0.06). We found a non-significant trend to a higher incidence of infections by multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) in the pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic period (6.5% vs. 4%). The incidence of infections was similar in both periods. However, during the pandemic, we observed a trend to a lower incidence of nosocomial infections with a higher incidence of MDRO infections.
在肝硬化中，感染是发病率和死亡率的主要原因，尤其是那些由多药耐药菌引起的感染。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，这些患者的感染发生率和类型可能受到实施的限制措施的影响。我们旨在比较 COVID-19 大流行前和大流行期间住院的肝硬化患者的感染情况。我们回顾性比较了在大流行前时期（3/2019-2/2020）住院的肝硬化患者的感染情况，与在大流行期间（3/2020-2/2021）住院的患者的感染情况。评估了基线特征、感染类型、细菌类型、抗菌药物耐药性和死亡率。在大流行前时期有 170 名患者的 251 次住院，在大流行期间有 114 名患者的 169 次住院。在大流行前时期的 40.6%的住院和大流行期间的 43.8%的住院中确定了一次或多次感染，P=0.52。我们在大流行前时期发现了 131 次感染，在大流行期间发现了 75 次感染。大流行期间医院获得性感染的比例下降（25.3%比大流行前时期的 37.4%，P=0.06）。我们发现大流行期间多药耐药菌（MDRO）感染的发生率呈上升趋势，但无统计学意义（6.5%比大流行前时期的 4%）。两个时期的感染发生率相似。然而，在大流行期间，我们观察到医院获得性感染的发生率较低，而 MDRO 感染的发生率较高。
