Słabisz Natalia, Dudek-Wicher Ruth, Leśnik Patrycja, Majda Jacek, Kujawa Krzysztof, Nawrot Urszula
Department of Laboratory Diagnostic, 4th Military Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2023 Sep 13;12(18):5942. doi: 10.3390/jcm12185942.
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are associated with high mortality and inappropriate or delayed antimicrobial therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of BSIs in hospitalized patients. The research aimed to compare the incidence of BSIs and blood culture results in patients hospitalized before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Retrospective and prospective data were collected from blood cultures obtained from 4289 patients hospitalized between June 2018 and July 2022. Two groups of patients were distinguished: those with BSIs admitted during the pre-COVID-19 period and those admitted during the COVID-19 surge. Demographic and clinical data, blood cytology, and biochemistry results were analyzed, and the usefulness of PCT was assessed in patients with COVID-19.
The study showed a significant increase in the incidence of BSIs during the pandemic compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Positive blood cultures were obtained in 20% of patients hospitalized during the pandemic (vs. 16% in the pre-COVID-19 period). The incidence of BSIs increased from 1.13 to 2.05 cases per 1000 patient days during COVID-19, and blood culture contamination was more frequently observed. The mortality rate was higher for patients hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic. An increased frequency of MDRO isolation was observed in the COVID-19 period.
The incidence of BSIs increased and the mortality rate was higher in the COVID-19 period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. The study showed limited usefulness of procalcitonin in patients with COVID-19, likely due to the administered immunosuppressive therapy.
血流感染（BSIs）与高死亡率以及不恰当或延迟的抗菌治疗相关。本研究的目的是调查新冠疫情对住院患者血流感染流行病学的影响。该研究旨在比较新冠疫情之前和期间住院患者的血流感染发病率及血培养结果。
收集了2018年6月至2022年7月期间4289例住院患者血培养的回顾性和前瞻性数据。区分出两组患者：新冠疫情前时期入院的血流感染患者和新冠疫情高峰期入院的患者。分析了人口统计学和临床数据、血细胞学及生化结果，并评估了降钙素原在新冠患者中的效用。
研究显示，与新冠疫情前时期相比，疫情期间血流感染发病率显著增加。疫情期间住院的患者中有20%血培养呈阳性（新冠疫情前时期为16%）。新冠疫情期间，血流感染发病率从每1000患者日1.13例增至2.05例，且血培养污染更常被观察到。新冠疫情期间住院患者的死亡率更高。在新冠疫情期间观察到多重耐药菌分离频率增加。
与新冠疫情前时期相比，新冠疫情期间血流感染发病率增加且死亡率更高。该研究显示降钙素原在新冠患者中的效用有限，可能是由于所给予的免疫抑制治疗。
