Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University-Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2024 Mar;47(2):243-251. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2298891. Epub 2024 Feb 8.
Prolonged use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has been linked to toxicity, particularly hepatotoxicity. There are few effective drugs for HAART patients that promote hepatic cell regeneration and prevent liver injury. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the hepato-protective activity of Methanol fruit extract of (MFEPG) in HAART-administered rats. Thirty rats weighing between 150-200 g were randomly divided into six groups and each group comprised of five rats. Distilled water was given to the rats in group one. Only HAART was given to the rats in group two. MFEPG at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg was given to the rats in groups three and four. MFEPG dosages of 100 and 400 mg/kg along with HAART were given to the rats in groups five and six, respectively. All treatments were via oral gavage daily for 40 days. Under halothane anesthesia, all rats were sacrificed on day 41. Liver tissues were utilized for lipid peroxidation marker; Malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes; Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) and histological evaluation, while blood samples were examined for biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP, Total cholesterol, Total protein, and Albumin). The HAART-treated group exhibited a significantly higher amount of the lipid peroxidation end product; MDA, and significantly lower levels of antioxidant enzymes; SOD, and CAT. Liver enzymes and total cholesterol were significantly increased with a significant reduction in Total protein and Albumin levels in the HAART-treated group. Conversely, the liver function biomarkers were returned to normal levels in the HAART and MFEPG-treated groups. Histopathological studies revealed that when HAART-exposed rats were treated with MFEPG, both the biochemical and histological results significantly improved. Thus, the antioxidant activity of MFEPG provides protection against HAART-induced liver oxidative damage. More research is needed to determine the safety of using MFEPG in humans.
长期使用高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）与毒性有关，特别是肝毒性。对于接受 HAART 的患者，很少有有效的药物可以促进肝细胞再生并预防肝损伤。因此，本研究旨在探讨甲醇果实提取物（MFEPG）对接受 HAART 治疗的大鼠的肝保护活性。30 只体重在 150-200 克之间的大鼠被随机分为六组，每组 5 只大鼠。第一组大鼠给予蒸馏水。第二组大鼠仅给予 HAART。第三组和第四组大鼠分别给予 MFEPG 剂量为 100 和 400 mg/kg。第五组和第六组大鼠分别给予 MFEPG 剂量为 100 和 400 mg/kg 以及 HAART。所有治疗均通过口服灌胃每天进行 40 天。在氟烷麻醉下，所有大鼠在第 41 天被处死。肝组织用于脂质过氧化标志物；丙二醛（MDA）、抗氧化酶；超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）和组织学评估，同时检查血液样本中的生化参数（AST、ALT、ALP、总胆固醇、总蛋白和白蛋白）。接受 HAART 治疗的组表现出明显更高量的脂质过氧化终产物；MDA，以及明显较低水平的抗氧化酶；SOD 和 CAT。肝酶和总胆固醇显著升高，总蛋白和白蛋白水平显著降低，在接受 HAART 治疗的组中。相反，HAART 和 MFEPG 治疗组的肝功能生物标志物恢复正常水平。组织病理学研究表明，当暴露于 HAART 的大鼠用 MFEPG 治疗时，生化和组织学结果均显著改善。因此，MFEPG 的抗氧化活性提供了对 HAART 诱导的肝氧化损伤的保护。需要进一步研究以确定在人类中使用 MFEPG 的安全性。
