IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France; Biocapteurs Analyses Environnement, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 66000, Perpignan, France; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 66650, Banyuls sur Mer, France; PROMES-CNRS UPR 8521, Process Material and Solar Energy, Rambla de la Thermodynamique, 66100, Perpignan, France.
IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jan;346:140565. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140565. Epub 2023 Oct 27.
The pollution of seawater by both biotic (bacteria, viruses) and abiotic contaminants (biocides, pharmaceutical residues) frequently leads to economic losses in aquaculture activities mostly mortality events caused by microbial infection. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) such as heterogeneous photocatalysis allow the removal of all organic contaminants present in water and therefore could reduce production losses in land-based farms. Oysters in land-based farms such as hatcheries and nurseries suffer from a large number of mortality events, resulting in significant losses. If photocatalysis has been widely studied for the decontamination, its application for disinfection is still overlooked, especially on seawater for viruses. We therefore studied seawater disinfection using the photocatalysis (UV/TiO) method in the context of Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS). POMS has been defined as a polymicrobial disease involving an initial viral infection with Ostreid Herpes Virus 1, accompanied by multiple bacterial infections. We investigated the impact of treatment on Vibrio harveyi, a unique opportunistic pathogenic bacterium, and on a complex microbial community reflecting a natural POMS event. Viral inactivation was monitored using experimental infections to determine whether viral particles were still infectious after. Changes in the total bacterial community in seawater were studied by comparing UV/TiO treatment with UV-irradiated seawater and untreated seawater. In the case of OsHV-1, a 2-h photocatalytic treatment prevents POMS disease and oyster mortality. The same treatment also inactivates 80% of viable Vibrio harveyi culture (c.a. 1.5 log). Since OsHV-1 and Vibrio harveyi are effectively inactivated without long-term destabilization of the total bacterial microbiota in the seawater, photocatalysis appears to be a relevant alternative for disinfecting seawater in land-based oyster beds.
海水受到生物（细菌、病毒）和非生物污染物（杀生剂、药物残留）的污染，经常导致水产养殖活动的经济损失，主要是由微生物感染引起的死亡率事件。高级氧化工艺（AOPs）如多相光催化允许去除水中存在的所有有机污染物，因此可以减少陆基养殖场的生产损失。陆基养殖场（如孵化场和育苗场）中的牡蛎遭受大量死亡率事件，导致重大损失。虽然光催化已被广泛研究用于去污，但它在消毒方面的应用仍被忽视，特别是在海水消毒方面。因此，我们在太平洋牡蛎死亡综合征（POMS）的背景下研究了海水消毒的光催化（UV/TiO）方法。POMS 被定义为一种多微生物疾病，涉及初始的病毒感染，即牡蛎疱疹病毒 1 感染，同时伴有多种细菌感染。我们研究了治疗对哈维弧菌（一种独特的机会性病原体细菌）和反映自然 POMS 事件的复杂微生物群落的影响。使用实验感染监测病毒失活情况，以确定病毒颗粒在处理后是否仍然具有传染性。通过比较 UV/TiO 处理与 UV 辐照海水和未经处理海水的海水总细菌群落的变化来研究。在 OsHV-1 的情况下，2 小时的光催化处理可预防 POMS 疾病和牡蛎死亡。相同的处理还能使活的哈维弧菌培养物（约 1.5 对数）失活 80%。由于 OsHV-1 和哈维弧菌得到有效灭活，而海水总细菌微生物群没有长期失稳，因此光催化似乎是陆基牡蛎养殖场海水消毒的一种相关替代方法。
