Bourinet Manon, Anty Rodolphe, Gual Philippe, Luci Carmelo
Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.
Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France.
JHEP Rep. 2023 Nov 11;6(2):100962. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100962. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been identified as potent regulators of inflammation, cell death and wound healing, which are the main biological processes involved in the progression of chronic liver disease. Obesity and chronic alcohol consumption are the leading contributors to chronic liver diseases in developed countries, due to inappropriate lifestyles. In particular, inflammation is a key factor in these liver abnormalities and promotes the development of more severe lesions such as fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Opposite roles of ILC subsets have been described in the development of chronic liver disease, depending on the stage and aetiology of the disease. The heterogeneous family of ILCs encompasses cytotoxic natural killer cells, the cytokine-producing type 1, 2 and 3 ILCs and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. Dysfunction of these immune cells provokes uncontrolled inflammation and tissue damage, which are the basis for tumour development. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent and putative roles of ILC subsets in obesity and alcohol-associated liver diseases, which are currently the major contributors to end-stage liver complications such as fibrosis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
固有淋巴细胞（ILC）已被确认为炎症、细胞死亡和伤口愈合的有效调节因子，而这些是慢性肝病进展过程中的主要生物学过程。在发达国家，由于生活方式不当，肥胖和长期大量饮酒是慢性肝病的主要成因。特别是，炎症是这些肝脏异常的关键因素，并促进更严重病变如纤维化、肝硬化和肝细胞癌的发展。根据疾病的阶段和病因，ILC亚群在慢性肝病的发展中发挥着相反的作用。ILC的异质性家族包括细胞毒性自然杀伤细胞、产生细胞因子的1型、2型和3型ILC以及淋巴组织诱导细胞。这些免疫细胞的功能障碍会引发不受控制的炎症和组织损伤，而这是肿瘤发展的基础。在本综述中，我们概述了ILC亚群在肥胖和酒精相关性肝病中的最新作用及推测作用，目前这些疾病是导致纤维化/肝硬化和肝细胞癌等终末期肝脏并发症的主要原因。
