Shi Jia, Wang Lihong, Wang Zhong, Li Jianfeng, Zhang Hongzhi, Gao Xin, Wang Chunsheng, Xia Jianqiang, Zhao Zhun, Wang Zhenlong, Yang Zhenyu, Xu Zihan, Zhang Yueqiang, Fan Zheru
Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technologies, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology/Crop Chemical Regulation Engineering Technology Research Center in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jan 18;14:1309678. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1309678. eCollection 2023.
Wheat is a food crop with a large global cultivation area, and the content and quality of wheat glutenin accumulation are important indicators of the quality of wheat flour.
To elucidate the gene expression regulation and metabolic characteristics related to the gluten content during wheat grain formation, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed for the high gluten content of the Xinchun 26 cultivar and the low proteins content of the Xinchun 34 cultivar at three periods (7 d, 14 d and 21 d) after flowering.
Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 5573 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were divided into two categories according to their expression patterns during the three periods. The metabolites detected were mainly divided into 12 classes. Lipid and lipid-like molecule levels and phenylpropanoid and polyketide levels were the highest, and the difference analysis revealed a total of 10 differentially regulated metabolites (DRMs) over the three periods. Joint analysis revealed that the DEGs and DRMs were significantly enriched in starch and sucrose metabolism; the citrate cycle; carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms; and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathways. The genes and contents of the sucrose and gluten synthesis pathways were analysed, and the correlation between gluten content and its related genes was calculated. Based on weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), by constructing a coexpression network, a total of 5 specific modules and 8 candidate genes that were strongly correlated with the three developmental stages of wheat grain were identified.
This study provides new insights into the role of glutenin content in wheat grain formation and reveals potential regulatory pathways and candidate genes involved in this developmental process.
小麦是全球种植面积较大的粮食作物，小麦谷蛋白积累的含量和质量是小麦面粉品质的重要指标。
为阐明小麦籽粒形成过程中与面筋含量相关的基因表达调控和代谢特征，对新春26品种面筋含量高和新春34品种蛋白质含量低的样本在开花后三个时期（7天、14天和21天）进行了转录组和代谢组分析。
转录组分析表明，5573个独特的差异表达基因（DEGs）根据其在三个时期的表达模式分为两类。检测到的代谢物主要分为12类。脂质和类脂分子水平以及苯丙烷类和聚酮类水平最高，差异分析显示三个时期共有10种差异调节代谢物（DRMs）。联合分析表明，DEGs和DRMs在淀粉和蔗糖代谢、柠檬酸循环、光合生物中的碳固定以及丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢途径中显著富集。分析了蔗糖和面筋合成途径的基因和含量，并计算了面筋含量与其相关基因之间的相关性。基于加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA），通过构建共表达网络，共鉴定出5个特定模块和8个与小麦籽粒三个发育阶段高度相关的候选基因。
本研究为谷蛋白含量在小麦籽粒形成中的作用提供了新的见解，并揭示了参与这一发育过程的潜在调控途径和候选基因。
