Friedman R J, Rigel D S
Dermatol Clin. 1985 Apr;3(2):271-83.
The clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma requires the following: an acceptance of the concept of "in situ" malignancy, both clinically and histologically; a high index of suspicion concerning any pigmented lesion; recalling the mnemonic "remember your A,B,C,D's"; and a knowledge of the clinical simulators of malignant melanoma. Prevention of death from malignant melanoma is possible through early diagnosis and prompt treatment of thin lesions (less than 0.76 mm in thickness). Such lesions have an excellent prognosis. This goal can be reached by carefully designed and implemented professional and public education programs such as those that have been introduced in Australia, West Germany, and the United States. Currently, new programs are being developed jointly by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American Cancer Society that are aimed at promoting self-examination of the skin as an adjunct to a routine physician examination as an additional means of detecting malignant melanoma at a time when it is wholly curable.
在临床和组织学上都认可“原位”恶性肿瘤的概念;对任何色素沉着病变都要有高度的怀疑指数;记住“ABCDE”口诀;以及了解恶性黑色素瘤的临床模拟情况。通过对薄病变(厚度小于0.76毫米)进行早期诊断和及时治疗,有可能预防恶性黑色素瘤导致的死亡。这类病变预后极佳。通过精心设计和实施专业及公众教育项目,比如在澳大利亚、西德和美国推行的那些项目,就能实现这一目标。目前,美国皮肤科协会和美国癌症协会正在联合开发新的项目,旨在推广皮肤自我检查,作为常规医生检查的辅助手段,以便在恶性黑色素瘤完全可治愈时,作为检测它的额外方法。