College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondor, Gondor, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 2;14(1):2784. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53332-5.
Neonatal mortality within the first few days of life is a pressing issue in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Despite efforts to achieve the targets set by the Sustainable Development Goals, the rate of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia has increased from 29 to 33 deaths per 1000 live births. This study aimed to investigate and identify significant determinants of neonatal mortality within the first 72 h of life in Ethiopia. Utilizing data from the 2019 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey, we employed Generalized Poisson regression analysis following rigorous model fitness assessment. Our study encompassed 5527 weighted live-born neonates. Among women in their reproductive years, 3.1% (n = 174) experienced at least one very early neonatal death. Multiple births (Incidence Risk Ratio (IRR) = 3.48; CI = 1.76, 6.887) and birth order six or above (IRR = 2.23; CI = 1.008, 4.916) were associated with an increased risk of neonatal death within the first 72 h. Conversely, household size (IRR = 0.72; CI = 0.586, 0.885) and additional feeding practices (IRR = 0.33; CI = 0.188, 0.579) were found to mitigate the risk of very early neonatal mortality per mother in Ethiopia. Interventions targeting the identified risk factors and promoting protective factors can contribute to reducing very early neonatal mortality rates and improving the well-being of mothers and their newborns. Further research and implementation of evidence-based strategies are needed to address these challenges and ensure better neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，包括埃塞俄比亚在内，新生儿在生命最初几天内的死亡率是一个紧迫的问题。尽管努力实现可持续发展目标设定的目标，但埃塞俄比亚的新生儿死亡率已从每 1000 例活产 29 例上升到 33 例。本研究旨在调查和确定埃塞俄比亚生命最初 72 小时内新生儿死亡的显著决定因素。利用 2019 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查的数据，我们在严格评估模型拟合度后，采用广义泊松回归分析。我们的研究包括 5527 名加权活产新生儿。在育龄妇女中，有 3.1%（n=174）至少经历过一次极早期新生儿死亡。多胎（发生率风险比（IRR）=3.48；CI=1.76，6.887）和出生顺序为 6 及以上（IRR=2.23；CI=1.008，4.916）与生命最初 72 小时内新生儿死亡风险增加相关。相反，家庭规模（IRR=0.72；CI=0.586，0.885）和额外的喂养方式（IRR=0.33；CI=0.188，0.579）被发现可以降低每个母亲极早期新生儿死亡的风险。针对已确定的风险因素和促进保护因素的干预措施可以有助于降低极早期新生儿死亡率，改善母亲及其新生儿的健康状况。需要进一步的研究和实施基于证据的策略，以应对这些挑战，并确保在埃塞俄比亚实现更好的新生儿结局。
