A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
J Fish Biol. 2024 May;104(5):1299-1307. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15680. Epub 2024 Feb 2.
We studied the topography of retinal ganglion cells (GCs) and estimated spatial resolving power (SRP) in the pajama cardinalfish Sphaeramia nematoptera (Bleeker, 1856), a relatively small brightly colored fish inhabiting coral reefs and lagoons in the Western Pacific. S. nematoptera is an active night predator feeding on near-bottom animal plankton and benthos. DAPI staining was used to label nuclei of GCs and non-GCs in the inner plexiform and ganglion cell layers. Non-GCs were distinguished from GCs in Nissl-stained retinal wholemounts based on cell size, shape, and staining intensity. The proportion of displaced amacrine cells (DACs) varied from 15.46 ± 1.12 (visual streak [VS]) to 17.99 ± 1.06% (dorsal periphery) (mean ± S.E.M., N = 5); the respective proportions of glial cells were 6.61 ± 0.84 and 5.89 ± 0.76%. Thus, 76%-78% of cells in the ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer were GCs. The minimum spatial coverage of GCs (3600-4600 cells/mm) was detected in the dorsal and ventral periphery. It gradually increased toward the central retina to form a moderate VS. The maximum GC density (11,400-12,400 cells/mm) was registered in the central portion of the VS. No pronounced concentric retinal specializations were found. The total number of GCs ranged within 595.2-635.9 × 10. The anatomical spatial resolving power was minimum in the ventral periphery (4.91-5.53 cpd) and maximum in the central portion of the VS (8.47-9.07 cpd). The respective minimum separable angles were 0.18-0.20° and 0.11-0.12°. The relatively high spatial resolving power and presence of the VS in the pajama cardinalfish are in line with its highly visual behavior.
我们研究了视网膜神经节细胞（GCs）的地形，并估计了西太平洋珊瑚礁和泻湖中生活的相对较小的鲜艳热带鱼 Pajama cardinalfish Sphaeramia nematoptera（Bleeker，1856）的空间分辨率（SRP）。S. nematoptera 是一种活跃的夜间捕食者，以近底动物浮游生物和底栖生物为食。DAPI 染色用于标记内丛状层和神经节细胞层中 GCs 和非 GCs 的核。非 GCs 可根据细胞大小、形状和染色强度与 Nissl 染色的视网膜全层切片中的 GCs 区分开来。移行无长突细胞（DACs）的比例从 15.46±1.12（视觉条纹[VS]）到 17.99±1.06%（背侧外围）（平均值±S.E.M.，N=5）；相应的神经胶质细胞比例分别为 6.61±0.84 和 5.89±0.76%。因此，神经节细胞层和内丛状层中的 76%-78%的细胞为 GCs。在背侧和腹侧外围检测到 GCs（3600-4600 个细胞/mm）的最小空间覆盖率。它逐渐向中央视网膜增加，形成一个适度的 VS。GC 密度的最大值（11400-12400 个细胞/mm）在 VS 的中央部分登记。没有发现明显的同心视网膜特化。GC 总数在 595.2-635.9×10 范围内。解剖学空间分辨率在腹侧外围最低（4.91-5.53 cpd），在 VS 的中央部分最高（8.47-9.07 cpd）。相应的最小可分离角度为 0.18-0.20°和 0.11-0.12°。 Pajama cardinalfish 中相对较高的空间分辨率和 VS 的存在与其高度视觉行为一致。
