Qing Hua, Zhang Xu-Dong, Yang En, Li Hui-Xin, Wei Yi-Lin, Chen Wei, Guo Shu-Yan, Tang Shang-Feng
School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
National Institute of Hospital Administration, National Health Commission, Beijing 100048, China.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2024 Mar;28(3):100169. doi: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100169. Epub 2024 Feb 2.
Malnutrition is a critical issue among older inpatients, yet limited large-scale research related to this issue has been conducted in China. This study aimed to examine the nutritional status and support of older inpatients in China, assess the associations between disease categories and malnutrition on admission, and explore effective nutritional intervention.
A total of 24,139 older participants from the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 Project were included. Malnutrition was measured by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated using logistic analysis.
The overall frequency of malnutrition on admission was 18.9%. Participants with infections were more likely to have malnutrition (aOR = 1.929, 95% CI 1.486-2.504). Risks that were also noted for malnutrition included neoplasms (aOR = 1.822, 95% CI 1.697-1.957), hemic and lymphatic diseases (aOR = 1.671, 95% CI 1.361-2.051), nervous system diseases (aOR = 1.222, 95% CI 1.126-1.326), respiratory diseases (aOR = 1.613, 95% CI 1.490-1.746), and digestive system diseases (aOR = 1.462, 95% CI 1.357-1.577). Further, 32.26% inpatients with malnutrition during hospitalization didn't receive nutritional support. Oral nutrition supplements, enteral tube feeding, and parenteral nutrition were associated with stable or improved nutritional status.
Older inpatients were at a high risk for malnutrition but did not receive adequate nutritional intervention. More resources and attention need to be devoted to the nutritional status of older inpatients and targeted nutritional support.
营养不良是老年住院患者中的一个关键问题，但中国针对这一问题开展的大规模研究有限。本研究旨在调查中国老年住院患者的营养状况及营养支持情况，评估入院时疾病类别与营养不良之间的关联，并探索有效的营养干预措施。
纳入了来自“2020年中国营养基础数据”项目的24139名老年参与者。采用营养不良全球领导倡议标准来衡量营养不良情况。使用逻辑分析计算调整后的优势比（aOR）。
入院时营养不良的总体发生率为18.9%。感染患者更易出现营养不良（aOR = 1.929，95%可信区间1.486 - 2.504）。还发现营养不良的风险因素包括肿瘤（aOR = 1.822，95%可信区间1.697 - 1.957）、血液和淋巴系统疾病（aOR = 1.671，95%可信区间1.361 - 2.051）、神经系统疾病（aOR = 1.222，95%可信区间1.126 - 1.326）、呼吸系统疾病（aOR = 1.613，95%可信区间1.490 - 1.746）以及消化系统疾病（aOR = 1.462，95%可信区间1.357 - 1.5
