School of Hydraulic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Feb 27;353:120198. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120198. Epub 2024 Feb 2.
The Aral Sea Basin in Central Asia faces significant challenges in improving water utilization and treatment because of frequent transboundary river water disputes and shortages of water resources. However, the traditional water resource utilization efficiency (WRUE) assessment models generally have the defect of over-validating evaluation results. To solve this problem, this study used the Coefficient of Variation method to constrain the self-contained weights in the traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to construct an improved CV-DEA model, and assessed the WRUE of the Aral Sea Basin countries during 2000-2018 and compared the WRUE with that of the countries in the Mekong River Basin and Northeast Asia, then explored the factors influencing water utilization. The conclusions were drawn: since 1960, the runoff from the upper Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers increased significantly, while the runoff from the lower Amu Darya River into the Aral Sea declined. Meanwhile, the water area of the Aral Sea shrank from 2.56 × 10 km to 0.70 × 10 km in 2000-2018, with the Northern Aral Sea remaining stable while the southern part shrinking sharply. The WRUE of the Aral Sea Basin (0.599, on average) was higher than that of the Mekong River Basin (0.547) and lower than that of Northeast Asia (0.885). Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan had the highest WRUE of 0.819 and 0.685 respectively, and the WRUE in both two countries improved from 2000 to 2018. Tajikistan (0.495) and Turkmenistan (0.402) experienced decreases in WRUEs. The high input redundancy of agricultural water consumption was the main driving force affecting WRUE in the basin.
中亚的咸海流域面临着提高水资源利用和处理水平的重大挑战，原因是跨界河流水资源争端频繁和水资源短缺。然而，传统的水资源利用效率（WRUE）评估模型通常存在评估结果过度验证的缺陷。为了解决这个问题，本研究使用变异系数方法约束传统数据包络分析（DEA）中的自包含权重，构建了一个改进的 CV-DEA 模型，并评估了 2000-2018 年咸海流域国家的 WRUE，并将其与湄公河流域和东北亚国家的 WRUE 进行比较，然后探讨了影响水资源利用的因素。得出的结论是：自 1960 年以来，阿姆河和锡尔河上游的径流量显著增加，而流入咸海的阿姆河下游径流量减少。同时，咸海的水域面积从 2000 年至 2018 年从 2.56×10 km 缩小到 0.70×10 km，其中北咸海保持稳定，而南咸海急剧缩小。咸海流域的 WRUE（0.599，平均水平）高于湄公河流域（0.547），低于东北亚（0.885）。哈萨克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦的 WRUE 最高，分别为 0.819 和 0.685，并且这两个国家的 WRUE 从 2000 年到 2018 年都有所提高。塔吉克斯坦（0.495）和土库曼斯坦（0.402）的 WRUE 下降。农业用水高投入冗余是影响流域 WRUE 的主要驱动力。
