Elia Antonis, Barlow Matthew J, Lees Matthew J, Petri Georgios, Keramidas Michail E
Division of Environmental Physiology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2024 May;323:104228. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104228. Epub 2024 Feb 1.
This study examined the magnitude of physiological strain imposed by repeated maximal static and dynamic apneas through assessing a panel of stress-related biomarkers.
Eleven healthy men performed on three separate occasions (≥72-h apart): a series of five repeated maximal (i) static (STA) or (ii) dynamic apneas (DYN) or (iii) a static eupneic protocol (CTL). Venous blood samples were drawn at 30, 90, and 180-min after each protocol to determine ischaemia modified albumin (IMA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), myoglobin, and high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hscTnT) concentrations.
IMA was elevated after the apnoeic interventions (STA,+86%;DYN,+332%,p ≤ 0.047) but not CTL (p = 0.385). Myoglobin was higher than baseline (23.6 ± 3.9 ng/mL) 30-min post DYN (+70%,38.8 ± 13.3 ng/mL,p = 0.030). A greater myoglobin release was recorded in DYN compared with STA and CTL (p ≤ 0.035). No changes were observed in NSE (p = 0.207) or hscTnT (p = 0.274).
Five repeated maximal DYN led to a greater muscle injury compared with STA but neither elicited myocardial injury or neuronal-parenchymal damage.
本研究通过评估一组与应激相关的生物标志物，来检测重复进行最大程度的静态和动态呼吸暂停所产生的生理应激程度。
11名健康男性在三个不同时间（间隔≥72小时）进行以下操作：一系列五次重复的最大程度（i）静态（STA）或（ii）动态呼吸暂停（DYN），或（iii）静态平静呼吸方案（CTL）。在每个方案结束后的30、90和180分钟采集静脉血样，以测定缺血修饰白蛋白（IMA）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、肌红蛋白和高敏心肌肌钙蛋白T（hscTnT）的浓度。
呼吸暂停干预后IMA升高（STA升高86%；DYN升高332%，p≤0.047），但CTL组未升高（p=0.385）。DYN后30分钟肌红蛋白高于基线水平（23.6±3.9 ng/mL）（升高70%，38.8±13.3 ng/mL，p=0.030）。与STA和CTL相比，DYN中记录到更大的肌红蛋白释放（p≤0.035）。NSE（p=0.207）或hscTnT（p=0.274）未观察到变化。
与STA相比，五次重复的最大程度DYN导致更大的肌肉损伤，但两者均未引起心肌损伤或神经实质损伤。
