From the Infection Control and Prevention Centre of Excellence (Kaabia, Al Basha, Bukhari, Bouafia, Al Qahtani, Aboushanab, Al Odayani), Prince Sultan Military Medical City, and from the Department of specialty? (Alshahrani), Al Maarefa University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2024 Feb;45(2):188-193. doi: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230398.
To determine the incidence of infection (CDI) and the frequency of known risk factors.
A prospective hospital-based surveillance for CDI, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, was carried out from July 2019 to March 2022 for all inpatients aged more than one year in Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A total of 139 cases of CDI were identified during the survey among 130 patients admitted in the hospital. Most cases were incident (n=130; 93.5%), and almost three-quarters (n=102; 73.4%) were hospital-onset (HO) CDI, with an incidence rate of 1.62 per 10,000 patient days (PD). The highest rates were noted in intensive care units with an incidence rate of 3 per 10,000 PD and wards for immunocompromised patients with an incidence rate of 2.72 per 10,000 PD. The most prevalent risk factor for CDI was acid-reducing drugs (72.6%). Vancomycin (48%) and ciprofloxacin (25%) were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics for patients with CDI. infection complications were identified in 5.7% of the cases, with a reported 28-day mortality rate of 3.8%.
In our hospital, HO-CDI incidence rate is lower than that in high-income countries. National multicenter surveillance is needed to evaluate the actual burden of CDI in Saudi Arabia.
确定感染（CDI）的发生率和已知危险因素的频率。
根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的标准，对 2019 年 7 月至 2022 年 3 月在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的苏尔坦亲王军事医疗城的所有 1 岁以上住院患者进行了 CDI 的前瞻性基于医院的监测。
在本次调查中，在医院住院的 130 名患者中发现了 139 例 CDI 病例。大多数病例为偶发性（n=130；93.5%），近四分之三（n=102；73.4%）为医院获得性（HO）CDI，发病率为每 10000 患者日（PD）1.62 例。发病率最高的是重症监护病房，发病率为每 10000 PD 3 例，免疫功能低下患者病房发病率为每 10000 PD 2.72 例。CDI 最常见的危险因素是胃酸抑制药物（72.6%）。万古霉素（48%）和环丙沙星（25%）是 CDI 患者最常开的抗生素。5.7%的病例出现 CDI 并发症，报告的 28 天死亡率为 3.8%。
在我们医院，HO-CDI 的发病率低于高收入国家。需要进行全国多中心监测，以评估 CDI 在沙特阿拉伯的实际负担。
