Sun Y, Han X D, Liu X D
School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, Qingdao 266011, China.
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2024 Feb 12;47(2):178-182. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20230902-00128.
The world's population is ageing at a rate unprecedented in human history. As the number of older people increases, so does the prevalence of lung disease in the elderly, making it essential to understand the pathophysiology of elderly patients with lung disease. Age-related changes in immune system function and lung parenchyma occur throughout a person's life. Immunosenescence refers to the tendency for innate and adaptive immunity to decline in the elderly. As we age, changes in the innate and adaptive immune systems can lead to dysregulation and reduced immune function. A low-level chronic inflammatory state is known as inflamm-aging and is driven by immunosenescence. This review discusses the role of immunosenescence and inflamm-aging in pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and lung infections. Understanding the different manifestations of lung diseases between the elderly and the young, finding new therapeutic sites, or improving clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients will provide clinicians with new ideas.
世界人口正在以前所未有的速度老龄化。随着老年人数量的增加，老年人肺部疾病的患病率也在上升，因此了解老年肺部疾病患者的病理生理学至关重要。免疫系统功能和肺实质的年龄相关变化贯穿人的一生。免疫衰老指的是老年人先天免疫和适应性免疫下降的趋势。随着年龄的增长，先天免疫和适应性免疫系统的变化会导致调节异常和免疫功能降低。一种低水平的慢性炎症状态被称为炎症衰老，它是由免疫衰老驱动的。本综述讨论了免疫衰老和炎症衰老在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、特发性肺纤维化、哮喘和肺部感染等肺部疾病中的作用。了解老年人和年轻人肺部疾病的不同表现、寻找新的治疗靶点或改善住院患者的临床结局将为临床医生提供新思路。
