School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2024;25(15):1905-1914. doi: 10.2174/0113892010256035231119071714.
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent sexual health condition affecting a significant portion of the male population worldwide. The conventional therapeutic approaches for ED often involve the use of pharmaceutical agents targeting the phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) enzyme. Currently, treatment with PDE-5 inhibitors is the standard approach for ED, and four PDE-5 inhibitors, namely sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, and avanafil, are in use. However, these pharmaceutical interventions may be associated with adverse effects and limitations. As a result, there has been a growing interest in exploring alternative and complementary treatment options for ED, such as nutraceuticals, which are bioactive compounds derived from natural sources. Nutraceuticals, which include vitamins, minerals, herbs, and other dietary supplements, have gained popularity for their potential health benefits. Certain nutraceuticals have demonstrated the ability to modulate various physiological pathways, including those involved in erectile function. A notable mechanism of action is the inhibition of the PDE5 enzyme, which plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cGMP levels. By inhibiting PDE5, nutraceuticals can promote the accumulation of cGMP, leading to enhanced penile blood flow and improved erectile function. A comprehensive analysis of the literature showcases various nutraceutical agents, including plant-derived compounds like flavonoids, polyphenols, and amino acids which have exhibited PDE5 inhibitory effects. Mechanistic insights into their action involve modulation of NO release, cGMP elevation, and relaxation of penile smooth muscles, all critical factors for achieving and sustaining erections. This review focuses on elucidating the role of nutraceuticals in treating erectile dysfunction through the inhibition of the PDE5 enzyme.
勃起功能障碍（ED）是一种普遍存在的男性健康问题，影响着全球很大一部分男性人口。ED 的传统治疗方法通常涉及使用针对磷酸二酯酶-5（PDE5）酶的药物。目前，PDE-5 抑制剂的治疗是 ED 的标准方法，有四种 PDE-5 抑制剂，即西地那非、伐地那非、他达拉非和阿伐那非，正在使用。然而，这些药物干预可能会产生不良反应和限制。因此，人们越来越关注探索 ED 的替代和补充治疗方法，例如天然来源的生物活性化合物——营养保健品。营养保健品包括维生素、矿物质、草药和其他膳食补充剂，因其潜在的健康益处而受到欢迎。某些营养保健品已被证明能够调节多种生理途径，包括与勃起功能相关的途径。一个显著的作用机制是抑制 PDE5 酶，该酶在调节 cGMP 水平方面起着关键作用。通过抑制 PDE5，营养保健品可以促进 cGMP 的积累，从而增加阴茎血流量并改善勃起功能。对文献的综合分析展示了各种营养保健品，包括植物源性化合物，如类黄酮、多酚和氨基酸，它们具有抑制 PDE5 的作用。其作用的机制包括调节 NO 释放、cGMP 升高和阴茎平滑肌松弛，这些都是实现和维持勃起的关键因素。本综述重点探讨了通过抑制 PDE5 酶来治疗勃起功能障碍的营养保健品的作用。
