Peressotti Francesca, Pianezzola Greta, Battistutta Marta, Miozzo Michele
Dipartimento di Psicologia dello Sviluppo e della Socializzazione, University of Padua, Italy.
Padua Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Italy.
J Cogn. 2024 Jan 29;7(1):18. doi: 10.5334/joc.346. eCollection 2024.
Previous studies have shown that foreign languages can change people's responses to moral dilemmas, making them more likely to choose harm (e.g., to kill one individual in order to save a few lives). Regional languages have also been shown to make sacrificial choices more likely. Regional languages are typically acquired early and used routinely among family and acquaintances, thus differing from foreign languages that are typically acquired later and used rather sporadically. Using a process dissociation procedure, we show in the present study that regional and foreign languages weaken the contribution of the deontological view in similar ways. Furthermore, the effects of both languages were modulated by proficiency, so that less proficient bilinguals showed a stronger decrease of the deontological tendency. These similarities suggest that the effects induced by both languages stem from what these languages have in common. Both languages are not experienced in contexts critical in forging moral views (e.g., public institutions, media, schools). We propose that the effects of foreign and regional languages stem from the lack of experience in such contexts.
先前的研究表明,外语会改变人们对道德困境的反应,使他们更有可能选择伤害行为(例如,为了拯救几个人的生命而杀死一个人)。研究还表明,地方语言也会使人们更有可能做出牺牲性的选择。地方语言通常是在早期习得,并在家庭和熟人之间日常使用,因此与通常在后期习得且使用较为零散的外语不同。在本研究中,我们采用过程分离程序表明,地方语言和外语以相似的方式削弱了道义论观点的作用。此外,两种语言的影响都受到语言熟练度的调节,因此语言熟练度较低的双语者的道义论倾向下降得更明显。这些相似之处表明,两种语言所产生的影响源于它们的共同之处。这两种语言都不是在塑造道德观念的关键环境(如公共机构、媒体、学校)中习得的。我们认为,外语和地方语言的影响源于在这些环境中缺乏相关体验。