Siregar Fazidah Aguslina, Makmur Tri, Bestari Ramadhan, Lubis Ichwan Alamsyah, Zein Umar
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Med Arch. 2023;77(6):455-459. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.455-459.
Diabetes mellitus is a health problem in Indonesia, where its prevalence rises annually. The condition may negatively impact one's quality of life and lead to significant complications-over 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the most common diabetes type worldwide. To implement diabetic prevention interventions and achieve effective diabetes mellitus control, screening for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in high-risk populations is essential.
This study aimed to identify people at risk for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
This cross-sectional study was carried out, which involved 300 people in Medan City between the ages of 30-75. The study was conducted between July 14 and October 20, 2020. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and waist circumference) were used to evaluate each respondent. Low, medium, and high-risk outcome categories were created. All responders underwent oral glucose tolerance tests, with results classified as normal, prediabetes, or diabetes. The Chi-square test was used to examine the data and identify potential risk variables for diabetes mellitus.
Of 300 individuals, 91.7% were female, and 8.3% were male. 33.7% of participants had a low risk of acquiring diabetes, 55.0% had an intermediate risk, and 11.3% had a high risk. 70% of participants who took an oral glucose tolerance test had blood glucose levels that were normal (less than 100 mg/dl), 18.7% had blood glucose levels suggestive of prediabetes (between 100 and 125 mg/dl), and 11.3% had blood glucose levels suggestive of diabetes (126 mg/dl or higher). Ages 54 to 64 years and older, high body mass index and central obesity, a lack of vegetables and fruits in the daily diet, inactivity, uncontrolled hypertension, a history of hyperglycemia, and a family history of diabetes were all linked to a significant increase in the risk of developing diabetes. Most respondents at low risk of developing type 2 diabetes had normal blood sugar levels, while those at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes had high blood glucose levels (p = 0.005).
Oral glucose tolerance testing and the FINDRISC questionnaire may be used to identify individuals who are at high risk for developing diabetes and to encourage them to adopt healthy behaviours.
糖尿病是印度尼西亚的一个健康问题，其患病率逐年上升。这种情况可能会对一个人的生活质量产生负面影响，并导致严重的并发症——全球最常见的糖尿病类型2型糖尿病患者中有超过50%会出现并发症。为了实施糖尿病预防干预措施并有效控制糖尿病，对高危人群进行未确诊糖尿病的筛查至关重要。
本研究旨在使用芬兰糖尿病风险评分（FINDRISC）和口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）来识别有未确诊糖尿病风险的人群。
进行了这项横断面研究，涉及棉兰市300名年龄在30 - 75岁之间的人。研究于2020年7月14日至10月20日进行。使用芬兰糖尿病风险评分和人体测量指标（体重、身高和腰围）对每位受访者进行评估。创建了低、中、高风险结果类别。所有受访者都接受了口服葡萄糖耐量试验，结果分为正常、糖尿病前期或糖尿病。使用卡方检验来检查数据并确定糖尿病的潜在风险变量。
300名个体中，91.7%为女性，8.3%为男性。33.7%的参与者患糖尿病的风险较低，55.0%为中度风险，11.3%为高风险。接受口服葡萄糖耐量试验的参与者中，70%的血糖水平正常（低于100mg/dl），18.7%的血糖水平提示糖尿病前期（100至125mg/dl之间），11.3%的血糖水平提示糖尿病（126mg/dl或更高）。54至64岁及以上的年龄、高体重指数和中心性肥胖、日常饮食中缺乏蔬菜和水果、缺乏运动、高血压未得到控制、高血糖病史以及糖尿病家族史均与患糖尿病风险的显著增加有关。大多数患2型糖尿病风险较低的受访者血糖水平正常，而患2型糖尿病风险较高的受访者血糖水平较高（p = 0.005）。
口服葡萄糖耐量试验和FINDRISC问卷可用于识别患糖尿病风险较高的个体，并鼓励他们采取健康的行为。
