Abebe Metasebia W, Ewing Emily L, Weldemicheal Hanna A
From Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Plastic Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, Calif.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024 Feb 2;12(2):e5566. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000005566. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Burn injuries are a global public health problem and continue to be one of the leading causes of unintentional death and injury. Electrical injuries, a relatively rare cause of burns, are increasingly being reported with higher rates of mortality in low and middle-income countries due to rapid industrialization in the absence of safety regulations. Electrical burn injuries can result in death, various organ system dysfunctions, or limb amputations.
A 5-year retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the rate of amputation and associated risk factors in electrical burn injuries among burn patients at AaBET Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
The rate of amputation among the 150 patients admitted with electrical burn in the study period was 33.3% (n = 50). A majority (62%; n = 31) of the patients were men (M:F 1.6:1) in the age range of 18-65 years. A fallen electrical wire coming in contact with the patients was the cause of the electrical burns in 50% of the cases. 65.3% of the patients had upper limb amputations, whereas 34.7% had lower limb amputations. Major amputations were more likely to occur when the entry site was the hand, whereas minor amputations were more likely to occur when the entry site was the scalp ( = 0.005).
Younger male patients were identified as the main victims of electrical burns that resulted in amputations. Electrical burns showed substantial morbidity and mortality of patients. Total body surface area and entry site being the hand significantly affected the level and site of amputation.
烧伤是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，仍然是意外死亡和受伤的主要原因之一。电烧伤是一种相对罕见的烧伤原因，由于在缺乏安全法规的情况下快速工业化，低收入和中等收入国家电烧伤的死亡率越来越高。电烧伤可导致死亡、各种器官系统功能障碍或肢体截肢。
进行了一项为期5年的回顾性横断面研究，以评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴AaBET医院烧伤患者电烧伤的截肢率及相关危险因素。
在研究期间收治的150例电烧伤患者中，截肢率为33.3%（n = 50）。大多数（62%；n = 31）患者为18至65岁的男性（男女比例为1.6:1）。50%的电烧伤病例是由患者接触掉落的电线引起的。65.3%的患者进行了上肢截肢，而34.7%的患者进行了下肢截肢。当入口部位为手部时，更有可能进行大截肢，而当入口部位为头皮时，更有可能进行小截肢（P = 0.005）。
年轻男性患者被确定为因电烧伤导致截肢的主要受害者。电烧伤显示出患者有较高的发病率和死亡率。总体表面积和入口部位为手部显著影响截肢的程度和部位。
