Dias Elivan da Silva, Santos Sabrina da Silva
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2023 Nov 24;21(3):e20231094. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2023-1094. eCollection 2023 Jul-Sep.
Absenteeism is defined as the absence of workers from their workplace, resulting from a complex phenomenon.
To analyze the profile of absence due to illness and health problems of the permanent teachers of early childhood education (day care and preschool) and elementary school (years 1-5) in the city of Rio Branco - Acre, Brazil, from 2014 to 2017.
An observational, analytical, individual, cross-sectional, retrospective cohort study with data from 1,584 teachers from 100 municipal public schools in Rio Branco. The period prevalence was calculated by chapters of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, and by specific reasons for absence for those chapters with higher proportions. Additionally, the absenteeism-illness frequency index and mean sickness absence duration were calculated.
The chapters of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, with the highest prevalence of absences were Chapter XIII (diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue) with 7.83%, Chapter V (mental and behavioral disorders) with 7.45%, and Chapter X (diseases of the respiratory system) with 6.12%. The absenteeism-illness frequency index was 0.72, and the mean sickness absence duration was 24.07 days.
The present study showed that diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, mental and behavioral disorders, and diseases of the respiratory system are the main problems that lead the permanent teachers of municipal public schools in Rio Branco to be absent from the classroom.
旷工被定义为工人因复杂现象而未出现在工作场所。
分析2014年至2017年巴西阿克里州里奥布兰科市幼儿教育（日托和学前班）及小学（1至5年级）在编教师因病和健康问题缺勤的情况。
一项观察性、分析性、个体、横断面、回顾性队列研究，数据来自里奥布兰科市100所市立公立学校的1584名教师。按《国际疾病分类》第10版章节计算期间患病率，并针对比例较高的章节按具体缺勤原因计算。此外，还计算了旷工-疾病频率指数和平均病假时长。
《国际疾病分类》第10版中缺勤患病率最高的章节为第十三章（肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病），患病率为7.83%；第五章（精神和行为障碍），患病率为7.45%；第十章（呼吸系统疾病），患病率为6.12%。旷工-疾病频率指数为0.72，平均病假时长为24.07天。
本研究表明，肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病、精神和行为障碍以及呼吸系统疾病是导致里奥布兰科市立公立学校在编教师缺课的主要问题。
