Zhang Lin, Cai Chengzhi
Economic Institute, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Jan 19;10(3):e24621. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24621. eCollection 2024 Feb 15.
Sensitive zone of global climate change has been formed in China, and it has become a hot topic how can agriculture ensure food security and the supply of important agricultural products while achieving the "Dual Carbon" goal in the country. Based on such background, this paper uses the IPCC carbon emission calculation method, environmental input-output model and economic-water-carbon coefficient method to measure agricultural net carbon emissions, adopts bivariate spatial auto-correlation analysis and SYS-GMM to explore separately the relationship between agricultural net carbon emissions and effective supply of agricultural products, as well as the carbon reduction effect, growth effect and reasonable range of green technology innovation. The results show that: (1) China's agricultural net carbon emissions reveal a spatial distribution of "higher in the east than in the west than in the center" and a temporal characteristic of increasing year by year; China's effective supply of agricultural products shows an increasing trend and a spatial distribution of "higher in the east than in the center than in the west" in 2006-2012 and "higher in the east than in the west than in the center" in 2013-2020. (2) In 2006, 2010, 2015 and 2020, the number of provinces that belong to low-low agglomeration trade-off zone, low-high agglomeration synergy zone, non-significant zone, high-low agglomeration non-trade-off-synergy zone and high-high agglomeration trade-off zone averagely accounted for 12.500 %, 30.000 %, 26.667 %, 9.167 % and 21.667 % of the totality, respectively. (3) The carbon reduction and production growth effects of green technology innovation both show an inverted "U-shape", and green technology innovation is conducive to both reducing agricultural net carbon emissions and improving supply of agricultural products when it is within a reasonable range of greater than 0.930. (4) Green technology innovation not only has significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity impact, but also exhibits a differential effect on productive agricultural carbon emissions, agricultural trade carbon emissions, agricultural carbon sinks, total output of agricultural products and agricultural net imports in international trade. Therefore, it is proposed that China should establish and improve green technology innovation incubation platforms, guide all participants to ensure the investment and application of green technology products within a reasonable range, formulate and implement regional differential policies and plan in accordance with local conditions, drive ultimately coordinated promotion of agricultural carbon emission reduction and product supply guarantee and lay an important foundation for achieving high-quality economic development and efficient ecological protection.
中国已形成全球气候变化敏感区,在国家实现“双碳”目标的背景下,农业如何保障粮食安全和重要农产品供给成为热点话题。基于此背景,本文运用IPCC碳排放计算方法、环境投入产出模型和经济-水-碳系数法测算农业净碳排放量,采用双变量空间自相关分析和系统广义矩估计分别探究农业净碳排放量与农产品有效供给之间的关系,以及绿色技术创新的碳减排效应、增长效应和合理范围。研究结果表明:(1)中国农业净碳排放量呈现“东部高于西部高于中部”的空间分布特征且逐年递增;中国农产品有效供给呈增长趋势,在2006—2012年呈现“东部高于中部高于西部”的空间分布,在2013—2020年呈现“东部高于西部高于中部”的空间分布。(2)2006年、2010年、2015年和2020年,属于低-低集聚权衡区、低-高集聚协同区、无显著区、高-低集聚非权衡-协同区和高-高集聚权衡区的省份数量分别平均占总数的12.500%、30.000%、26.667%、9.167%和21.667%。(3)绿色技术创新的碳减排和生产增长效应均呈倒“U”形,当绿色技术创新处于大于0.930的合理范围内时,有利于减少农业净碳排放量并提高农产品供给。(4)绿色技术创新不仅具有显著的时空异质性影响,而且对生产性农业碳排放、农业贸易碳排放、农业碳汇、农产品总产量和国际贸易中的农业净进口均表现出差异化效应。因此,建议中国应建立健全绿色技术创新孵化平台,引导各方确保绿色技术产品在合理范围内的投入与应用,因地制宜制定和实施区域差异化政策与规划,最终推动农业碳减排与产品供给保障协同推进,为实现高质量经济发展和高效生态保护奠定重要基础。