School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Apr 28;17(4):e0266172. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266172. eCollection 2022.
In recent years, China's industrial economy has grown rapidly and steadily. Concurrently, carbon emissions have gradually increased, among which agricultural production is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. It is necessary to reduce agricultural carbon emissions by improving their efficiency to achieve the global goal of peak carbon dioxide emissions in 2030. From a dynamic and static point of view, this study puts agricultural carbon emissions into the evaluation index system of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and analyzes the agricultural carbon emission efficiency and its influencing factors in Hubei Province. First, the unexpected output Slacks-based measure (SBM) model in data envelopment analysis was used to evaluate the agricultural carbon emission efficiency of Hubei Province in 2018 and compared it with other provinces horizontally. Second, the Malmquist-Luenberger index was used to analyze the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural carbon emissions in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2018. The role of technological progress and technical efficiency change in the development of low-carbon agriculture in Hubei Province was analyzed. The results showed that agricultural production efficiency in Hubei Province improved from 2004 to 2018, and the overall level was slightly higher than the average level in China. However, agriculture has not eliminated the extensive development modes of high input, low efficiency, high emission, and high pollution. The efficiency of technological progress in agricultural resource utilization in Hubei Province was close to the optimal level. The improvement space was small. Hence, the low efficiency of agricultural technology is a key factor restricting the improvement of agricultural production efficiency. The results provide a reference for low-carbon agricultural policy formulation and expand the policy choice path. This has practical significance.
近年来，中国工业经济稳步增长。与此同时，碳排放逐渐增加，其中农业生产是温室气体排放的重要来源。为了实现 2030 年全球二氧化碳排放峰值的目标，有必要通过提高农业生产效率来减少农业碳排放。本研究从动态和静态两个角度，将农业碳排放纳入农业碳排放效率评价指标体系，分析了湖北省农业碳排放效率及其影响因素。首先，利用数据包络分析中的非期望产出 SBM 模型对湖北省 2018 年农业碳排放效率进行评价，并与其他省份进行横向比较。其次，利用 Malmquist-Luenberger 指数分析了 2004-2018 年湖北省农业碳排放的综合效率，分析了技术进步和技术效率变化在湖北省低碳农业发展中的作用。结果表明，湖北省农业生产效率从 2004 年到 2018 年有所提高，整体水平略高于全国平均水平。然而，农业尚未摆脱高投入、低效率、高排放、高污染的粗放发展模式。湖北省农业资源利用技术进步效率接近最优水平，提升空间较小。因此，农业技术效率低下是制约农业生产效率提高的关键因素。研究结果为低碳农业政策制定提供了参考，拓展了政策选择路径，具有现实意义。
