Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
J Adolesc Health. 2024 May;74(5):892-899. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.017. Epub 2024 Feb 6.
To explore the impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown (CoPL) on body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness among college students.
Two one-year cohorts, one with no pandemic lockdown (NoPL) exposure and one with CoPL exposure, were included. Baseline measurements were performed in October 2018 (NoPL) and October 2019 (CoPL), and follow-up data were collected one year later. Participants were divided into "deterioration", "no-change", and "improvement" groups based on their quartile distribution of one-year differences (follow-up-baseline) for lower 25%, middle 50%, and upper 25%. Baseline-category logit regression models were used to determine the odds ratios of deterioration and improvement in BMI and physical fitness, with "no-change" used as baseline.
A total of 2,594 and 2,525 students were included in NoPL and CoPL cohorts, respectively. CoPL was associated with higher odds for deterioration in BMI (male), explosive strength, upper-limb muscle strength, abdominal muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness, but lower odds for deterioration in BMI (female) and flexibility. CoPL was associated with lower odds for improvement in BMI (male), explosive strength, lower-limb and upper-limb muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness, but higher odds for improvement in BMI (female) and flexibility.
Not all dimensions of health outcomes were negatively impacted by the lockdown, as deterioration in BMI in males, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness following the CoPL were more than that in the absence of the lockdown, while deterioration in BMI in females and flexibility were less than that in the absence of the lockdown.
探讨 COVID-19 大流行封锁（CoPL）对大学生体重指数（BMI）和身体健康的影响。
纳入了两个为期一年的队列，一个没有大流行封锁（NoPL）暴露，另一个有 CoPL 暴露。基线测量于 2018 年 10 月（NoPL）和 2019 年 10 月（CoPL）进行，一年后收集随访数据。根据一年差异（随访-基线）的四分位分布，将参与者分为“恶化”、“不变”和“改善”组，下 25%、中 50%和上 25%。使用基线类别逻辑回归模型确定 BMI 和身体健康恶化和改善的优势比，“不变”用作基线。
共有 2594 名和 2525 名学生分别纳入 NoPL 和 CoPL 队列。CoPL 与 BMI（男性）、爆发力、上肢肌肉力量、腹肌力量和心肺适能恶化的优势比增加有关，但与 BMI（女性）和柔韧性恶化的优势比降低有关。CoPL 与 BMI（男性）、爆发力、下肢和上肢肌肉力量以及心肺适能改善的优势比降低有关，但与 BMI（女性）和柔韧性改善的优势比增加有关。
并非所有健康结果维度都受到封锁的负面影响，因为 CoPL 后男性 BMI、肌肉力量和心肺适能的恶化程度高于没有封锁的情况，而女性 BMI 和柔韧性的恶化程度低于没有封锁的情况。
