Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Jun 20;15:1387151. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1387151. eCollection 2024.
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 as the most pervasive and consequential pandemic in recent years, has exerted significant impacts on human health, including aspects related to body weight. Objectives: This study aims to assess the influence of the lockdown measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic on Chinese college students' Body Mass Index (BMI) through a three-year cohort study.
We recruited 6156 college students (n = 4,248, 69% male, and n = 1,908, 31% female, with an average age of 18.68 ± 0.86 yr.) from a University in China to participate in this three-year cohort study. All of the subjects took the same physical fitness tests from 2019 to 2021 (pre-lockdown, during lockdown and post-lockdown). Participants' height and weight data were objectively measured by Tongfang Health Fitness Testing Products 5000 series. A paired t-test was performed in the analysis.
During the lockdown, there is 4.2% increase of BMI among the college student (p<0.001). Moreover, males had a greater overall mean BMI rate increase of 4.74% (p<0.001) than females (2.86%, p<0.001). After the lockdown, there is 0.94% increase of BMI among the college student (p<0.001). However, females had a greater overall mean BMI rate increase of 1.49% (p<0.001) than males (0.72%, p<0.001). During this period, the obese and overweight group's growth rate from 2019 to 2020 was smaller than the normal and underweight group, which were 2.94% (p<0.001), 3.90% (p<0.001), 4.44% (p<0.001) and 5.25% (p<0.001), respectively.
BMI increased both during and post-lockdown periods among Chinese college students. However, during the lockdown, participants with higher BMI groups appeared to have a diminished BMI growth rate compared to those with lower BMI. After the lockdown, participants with higher BMI levels appeared to have an augmented BMI growth rate. Public policy action is needed to increase the level of physical activity of Chinese college students and take action to improve students' physical fitness performance after the lockdown.
新型冠状病毒病 2019 年作为近年来最广泛和最具影响力的大流行，对人类健康产生了重大影响，包括与体重相关的方面。目的：本研究旨在通过一项为期三年的队列研究，评估新冠疫情期间实施的封锁措施对中国大学生体重指数（BMI）的影响。
我们招募了 6156 名大学生（n=4248，69%为男性，n=1908，31%为女性，平均年龄为 18.68±0.86 岁）参加这项为期三年的队列研究。所有参与者均于 2019 年至 2021 年（封控前、封控中和封控后）参加了相同的体能测试。参与者的身高和体重数据由同方健康测试产品 5000 系列客观测量。在分析中进行了配对 t 检验。
在封控期间，大学生的 BMI 增加了 4.2%（p<0.001）。此外，男性的总体平均 BMI 增长率为 4.74%（p<0.001），高于女性（2.86%，p<0.001）。在封控结束后，大学生的 BMI 增加了 0.94%（p<0.001）。然而，女性的总体平均 BMI 增长率为 1.49%（p<0.001），高于男性（0.72%，p<0.001）。在此期间，2019 年至 2020 年肥胖和超重组的增长率小于正常和体重不足组，分别为 2.94%（p<0.001）、3.90%（p<0.001）、4.44%（p<0.001）和 5.25%（p<0.001）。
中国大学生的 BMI 在封控期间和封控后均有所增加。然而，在封控期间，与 BMI 较低的参与者相比，BMI 较高的参与者 BMI 增长率较低。封控结束后，BMI 较高的参与者 BMI 增长率较高。需要采取公共政策行动来提高中国大学生的身体活动水平，并在封控后采取行动提高学生的体能表现。
