Cheng Jiawei, Li Shiguo, Li Xi, Zhan Aibin
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Mar;200:116119. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116119. Epub 2024 Feb 6.
Calcium ion (Ca) is involved in the protein-mediated larval adhesion of fouling ascidians, yet the effects of environmental Ca on larval adhesion remain largely unexplored. Here, the larvae of fouling ascidian C. robusta were exposed to different concentrations of Ca. Exposures to low-concentration (0 mM and 5 mM) and high-concentration (20 mM and 40 mM) Ca significantly decreased the adhesion rate of larvae, which was primarily attributed to the decreases in adhesive structure length and curvature. Changes in the expressions of genes encoding adhesion-, microvilli-, muscle contraction-, and collagen-related proteins provided a molecular-level explanation for adhesion rate reduction. Additionally, larvae likely prioritized their energy towards immunomodulation in response to Ca stresses, ultimately leading to adhesion reduction. These findings advance our understanding of the influencing mechanisms of environmental Ca on larval adhesion, which are expected to provide references for the development of precise antifouling strategies against ascidians and other fouling species.
钙离子（Ca）参与污损海鞘幼虫由蛋白质介导的附着过程，然而环境中的钙对幼虫附着的影响在很大程度上仍未得到探索。在此，将污损海鞘强壮柱头虫（C. robusta）的幼虫暴露于不同浓度的钙中。暴露于低浓度（0 mM和5 mM）和高浓度（20 mM和40 mM）的钙中会显著降低幼虫的附着率，这主要归因于附着结构长度和曲率的减小。编码附着相关、微绒毛相关、肌肉收缩相关和胶原蛋白相关蛋白质的基因表达变化为附着率降低提供了分子水平的解释。此外，幼虫可能会优先将能量用于应对钙胁迫时的免疫调节，最终导致附着减少。这些发现推进了我们对环境钙对幼虫附着影响机制的理解，有望为开发针对海鞘和其他污损物种的精确防污策略提供参考。
