Huo Xiaomei, Gong Xin, Liu Yuhang, Yan Yonghui, Du Zhuzhu, Ai Wei
Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics & Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Apr;11(14):e2309254. doi: 10.1002/advs.202309254. Epub 2024 Feb 7.
Achieving a high depth of discharge (DOD) in lithium metal anodes (LMAs) is crucial for developing high areal energy density batteries suitable for wearable electronics. Yet, the persistent growth of dendrites compromises battery performance, and the significant lithium consumption during pre-lithiation obstructs their broad application. Herein, A flexible 3D LiSn scaffold is designed by allowing molten lithium to infiltrate carbon cloth adorned with SnO nanocrystals. This design markedly curbs the troublesome dendrite growth, thanks to the uniform electric field distribution and swift Li diffusion dynamics. Additionally, with a minimal SnO nanocrystals loading (2 wt.%), only 0.6 wt.% of lithium is consumed during pre-lithiation. Insights from in situ optical microscope observations and COMSOL simulations reveal that lithium remains securely anchored within the scaffold, a result of the rapid mass/charge transfer and uniform electric field distribution. Consequently, this electrode achieves a remarkable DOD of 87.1% at 10 mA cm for 40 mAh cm. Notably, when coupled with a polysulfide cathode, the constructed flexible Li/LiSn@CC||LiS/SnO@CC pouch cell delivers a high-areal capacity of 5.04 mAh cm and an impressive areal-energy density of 10.6 mWh cm. The findings pave the way toward the development of high-performance LMAs, ideal for long-lasting wearable electronics.
在锂金属阳极（LMA）中实现高深度放电（DOD）对于开发适用于可穿戴电子产品的高面积能量密度电池至关重要。然而，枝晶的持续生长会损害电池性能，并且预锂化过程中大量的锂消耗阻碍了它们的广泛应用。在此，通过使熔融锂渗透到装饰有SnO纳米晶体的碳布中来设计一种柔性3D LiSn支架。由于均匀的电场分布和快速的锂扩散动力学，这种设计显著抑制了麻烦的枝晶生长。此外，在SnO纳米晶体负载量极低（2 wt.%）的情况下，预锂化过程中仅消耗0.6 wt.%的锂。原位光学显微镜观察和COMSOL模拟的结果表明，由于快速的质量/电荷转移和均匀的电场分布，锂牢固地锚定在支架内。因此，该电极在10 mA cm²下实现了40 mAh cm²的87.1%的显著DOD。值得注意的是，当与多硫化物阴极耦合时，构建的柔性Li/LiSn@CC||LiS/SnO@CC软包电池具有5.04 mAh cm²的高面积容量和10.6 mWh cm²的令人印象深刻的面积能量密度。这些发现为高性能LMA的开发铺平了道路，这对于持久的可穿戴电子产品来说是理想的。
