UTHealth Houston Cizik School of Nursing, Department of Undergraduate Studies, Houston, Texas, USA.
Robert W. Levy Endowed Professor of Law and Business, The College of Business, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, USA.
J Community Health Nurs. 2024 Apr-Jun;41(2):138-144. doi: 10.1080/07370016.2024.2312144. Epub 2024 Feb 8.
Vaccination is one of the most successful and cost-effective health promotion interventions, preventing millions of deaths per year. Vaccine hesitancy (VH) received renewed attention in the United States when over 30 million Americans were undecided or had barriers to receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose is to examine the literature regarding vaccine hesitancy, its history and legal aspects.
An interprofessional team of a lawyer and two nurses reviewed the literature to synthesize the history of vaccine hesitancy and documented effective strategies to address disinformation, misinformation, and other barriers to vaccine uptake.
The authors conducted a thorough review of the literature regarding vaccine hesitancy, including legal aspects.
There is a scarcity of available literature regarding effective strategies, especially from the nursing perspective. Much of the literature on vaccine hesitancy dates back to the 1970's, offering few strategies to address this issue. Nursing implications and strategies to address vaccine hesitancy from a nursing perspective are provided, including an innovative example of preparing nursing students to address vaccine hesitancy through participation in a high-fidelity simulation.
Vaccination uptake is impacted by misinformation and disinformation. Vaccine hesitancy is impacting the uptake of other routine immunizations putting Americans at risk. Regardless of vaccination policies, health care professionals must be prepared to communicate with people who have a wide range of VH. Strategies such as providing accurate information, addressing patient concerns, and reducing barriers to access decrease VH.
接种疫苗是最成功和最具成本效益的健康促进干预措施之一，每年可预防数百万人死亡。当超过 3000 万美国人对接种 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫不决或存在障碍时，疫苗犹豫（VH）在美国重新引起了人们的关注。目的是研究有关疫苗犹豫、其历史和法律方面的文献。
由一名律师和两名护士组成的跨专业团队审查了文献，以综合疫苗犹豫的历史，并记录了应对虚假信息、错误信息和疫苗接种障碍的有效策略。
作者对有关疫苗犹豫的文献进行了全面审查，包括法律方面。
关于有效策略的文献很少，特别是从护理角度来看。关于疫苗犹豫的大部分文献都可以追溯到 20 世纪 70 年代，几乎没有提出解决这一问题的策略。提供了从护理角度解决疫苗犹豫问题的护理意义和策略，包括通过参与高保真模拟来培养护理学生应对疫苗犹豫的创新示例。
疫苗接种率受到错误信息和虚假信息的影响。疫苗犹豫正在影响其他常规免疫的接种率，使美国人面临风险。无论疫苗接种政策如何，医疗保健专业人员都必须准备好与具有广泛 VH 的人进行沟通。提供准确信息、解决患者关注问题和减少获取障碍等策略可降低 VH。
