Jiang Yunhe, Fu Lifu, Liu Bin, Li Fan
Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Cardiovascular Disease Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Mar;262(Pt 1):130037. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130037. Epub 2024 Feb 6.
Yes associated protein (YAP) is the main effector protein in the Hippo pathway, regulating cell growth by binding to transcription factors in the nucleus. However, the mechanisms by which YAP regulates the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unknown. In this study, bioinformatics analysis determined that YAP was significantly upregulated in GC and associated with poor prognosis. In addition, YAP deletion inhibits proliferation and migration of GC cells in vitro, while overexpression of YAP has the opposite effect. Mechanistically, overexpression of YAP induced FAK phosphorylation in gastric cancer cells, whereas knockdown of YAP had the opposite effect. Importantly, translocation expressed mutant plasmid YAP-S94A (YAP1 mutant without TEAD binding site) did not significantly change the level of FAK phosphorylation. Furthermore, Verteporfin (a small molecule inhibitor of YAP) interrupted the YAP-TEAD interaction and inhibited FAK phosphorylation, confirming that YAP can induce FAK phosphorylation in a TEAD-dependent manner. In addition, the silencing of FAK or the use of FAK inhibitors inhibited the aggregation of YAP proteins in the nucleus, forming a FAK-YAP positive feedback loop. Finally, we identify the FAK upstream gene, HMGB1, as a direct transcriptional target of YAP-TEAD. Silencing HMGB1 reversed YAP-induced FAK activation as well as cell proliferation and migration. Collectively, our results reveal a new signalling axis, YAP/HMGB1/FAK, in the regulation of cell proliferation and migration, and provide new insights into the crosstalk between Hippo signalling and cell proliferation.
Yes相关蛋白(YAP)是Hippo信号通路中的主要效应蛋白,通过与细胞核中的转录因子结合来调节细胞生长。然而,YAP调节胃癌(GC)发生发展的机制仍 largely未知。在本研究中,生物信息学分析确定YAP在GC中显著上调,并与不良预后相关。此外,YAP缺失在体外抑制GC细胞的增殖和迁移,而YAP过表达则有相反作用。机制上,YAP过表达诱导胃癌细胞中FAK磷酸化,而敲低YAP则有相反作用。重要的是,转位表达突变质粒YAP-S94A(无TEAD结合位点的YAP1突变体)并未显著改变FAK磷酸化水平。此外,维替泊芬(一种YAP小分子抑制剂)中断YAP-TEAD相互作用并抑制FAK磷酸化,证实YAP可通过TEAD依赖方式诱导FAK磷酸化。此外,沉默FAK或使用FAK抑制剂可抑制YAP蛋白在细胞核中的聚集,形成FAK-YAP正反馈环。最后,我们确定FAK上游基因HMGB1是YAP-TEAD的直接转录靶点。沉默HMGB1可逆转YAP诱导的FAK激活以及细胞增殖和迁移。总体而言,我们的结果揭示了细胞增殖和迁移调控中的一个新信号轴YAP/HMGB1/FAK,并为Hippo信号与细胞增殖之间的相互作用提供了新见解。