Souilla Luc, Larsen Anders C, Juhl Carsten B, Skou Søren T, Bricca Alessio
University of Montpellier, PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France.
CHRU Montpellier, Department of Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference Centre, Montpellier, France.
J Multimorb Comorb. 2024 Feb 7;14:26335565241231403. doi: 10.1177/26335565241231403. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.
No systematic summary exists on childhood physical activity and later-life multimorbidity risks. We primarily investigated the association of physical activity in childhood and adolescence and the development of multimorbidity in adulthood. Secondarily, we examined whether physical activity level differ in children and adolescents with and without multimorbidity and whether there is a cross-sectional association between physical activity and multimorbidity.
Following Cochrane Handbook guidelines and adhering to PRISMA recommendations, we included cross-sectional, case-control and longitudinal studies that investigated the association between physical activity in children and adolescents and development of multimorbidity. Results were summarized narratively and we assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO, CRD42023407063.
Of 9064 studies identified, 11 were included in 13 papers. Longitudinals studies suggested that being physically active in childhood and adolescence was associated with a lower risk of multimorbidity in adulthood. Three out of five studies reported lower physical activity level in children and adolescents with multimorbidity compared to those without, and two did not find a between-group difference. Cross-sectional evidence on the association between multimorbidity and lower physical activity was uncertain. Overall, the evidence certainty for all outcomes was considered low due to the indirectness and inconsistency in findings.
Childhood and adolescence physical activity appeared to be linked with a reduced risk of later-life multimorbidity but the certainty of the evidence is low. These results support the promotion of physical activity during childhood and adolescence.
目前尚无关于儿童身体活动与晚年多种疾病风险的系统综述。我们主要研究儿童期和青少年期的身体活动与成年期多种疾病发生之间的关联。其次，我们考察了患有和未患有多种疾病的儿童及青少年的身体活动水平是否存在差异，以及身体活动与多种疾病之间是否存在横断面关联。
按照Cochrane手册指南并遵循PRISMA建议，我们纳入了调查儿童和青少年身体活动与多种疾病发生之间关联的横断面研究、病例对照研究和纵向研究。结果采用叙述性总结，我们使用GRADE方法评估证据的确定性。该方案已在PROSPERO注册，注册号为CRD42023407063。
在识别出的9064项研究中，11项被纳入13篇论文。纵向研究表明，儿童期和青少年期积极进行身体活动与成年期患多种疾病的风险较低相关。五项研究中有三项报告称，患有多种疾病的儿童和青少年的身体活动水平低于未患多种疾病的儿童和青少年，两项研究未发现组间差异。关于多种疾病与较低身体活动之间关联的横断面证据尚不确定。总体而言，由于研究结果的间接性和不一致性，所有结果的证据确定性被认为较低。
儿童期和青少年期的身体活动似乎与降低晚年患多种疾病的风险有关，但证据的确定性较低。这些结果支持在儿童期和青少年期推广身体活动。
