Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2024 Apr 11;53(2):277-287. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvae001.
Cold winter temperatures govern the distribution and abundance of many insect species, but refugia that provide microclimates can moderate temperature-driven mortality. Winter temperatures have been implicated in limiting the survival and range of Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae; redbanded stink bug), an economically damaging invasive pest in the southeastern United States, but the role of refugia in overwintering survival of this pest is poorly understood. We conducted 2 studies in successive years to evaluate how leaf litter from hardwoods, pines, and soybeans modulate overwintering site selection and survival of P. guildinii. In the second-year study, we also quantified the buffering effect of the 3 leaf litter types compared to ambient conditions and assessed diapause. In the first-year study, we found that stink bugs preferentially dispersed into leaf litter compared with remaining unsheltered on bare soil; no clear preference among leaf litter types was found. In the second year, however, no clear differences were found among leaf litter types and bare soil. Means of daily minimum temperatures under leaf litter were at least 3.0 ± 0.9 °C (SE) warmer and generally less variable than ambient conditions. While high mortality in both studies illustrates that more work must be done to fully understand overwintering survival, limited survival through potentially lethal conditions in the first-year study nonetheless emphasizes the possibility of populations persisting and rebounding in the following spring. Furthermore, our study highlights the potential for stink bugs to persist in areas with lethal ambient temperatures by dispersing into widely available substrates.
寒冷的冬季气温控制着许多昆虫物种的分布和丰度，但提供微气候的避难所可以减轻温度驱动的死亡率。冬季温度被认为限制了 Piezodorus guildinii（Westwood）（半翅目：Pentatomidae；红带臭虫）的生存和分布范围，Piezodorus guildinii 是美国东南部一种具有经济破坏性的入侵害虫，但避难所在这种害虫越冬生存中的作用知之甚少。我们在连续两年进行了两项研究，以评估硬木、松树和大豆的落叶如何调节 Piezodorus guildinii 的越冬地点选择和生存。在第二年的研究中，我们还量化了与环境条件相比，这 3 种叶屑类型的缓冲作用，并评估了滞育。在第一年的研究中，我们发现臭虫更喜欢分散到落叶中，而不是留在裸露的土壤上无遮蔽处；但没有发现落叶类型之间有明显的偏好。然而，在第二年，落叶类型和裸露的土壤之间没有明显的区别。落叶下的日最低温度平均值至少比环境条件高 3.0 ± 0.9 °C（SE），并且通常变化较小。尽管两项研究都表明死亡率很高，这表明必须做更多的工作来充分了解越冬生存，但第一年研究中的有限生存仍然强调了种群在次年春天持续存在和反弹的可能性。此外，我们的研究强调了臭虫通过分散到广泛可用的基质中，在具有致命环境温度的地区持续存在的可能性。
