Institute of Athletics, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan.
Department of Athletic Sports, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong 621301, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2024 Feb 5;16(3):454. doi: 10.3390/nu16030454.
Athletes often take sport supplements to reduce fatigue and immune disturbances during or after training. This study evaluated the acute effects of concurrent ingestion of alkaline water and L-glutamine on the salivary immunity and hormone responses of boxers after training. Twelve male boxing athletes were recruited in this study. During regular training, the participants were randomly divided into three groups and asked to consume 400 mL of alkaline water (Group A), 0.15 g/kg body weight of L-glutamine with 400 mL of water (Group G), and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine with 400 mL of alkaline water (Group A+G) at the same time each day for three consecutive weeks. Before and immediately after the training, saliva, heart rates, and the rate of perceived exertion were investigated. The activity of α-amylase and concentrations of lactoferrin, immunoglobulin A (IgA), testosterone, and cortisol in saliva were measured. The results showed that the ratio of α-amylase activity/total protein (TP) significantly increased after training in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the ratios of lactoferrin/TP and IgA/TP were unaffected in all three groups. The concentrations of salivary testosterone after training increased significantly in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the salivary cortisol concentrations were unaltered in all groups. In conclusion, concurrent ingestion of 400 mL of alkaline water and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine before training enhanced the salivary α-amylase activity and testosterone concentration of boxers, which would be beneficial for post-exercise recovery.
运动员经常服用运动补剂以减少训练或训练后疲劳和免疫紊乱。本研究评估了碱性水和 L-谷氨酰胺同时摄入对拳击手训练后唾液免疫和激素反应的急性影响。本研究招募了 12 名男性拳击运动员。在常规训练期间，参与者被随机分为三组，要求他们每天同时饮用 400ml 的碱性水（A 组）、0.15g/kg 体重的 L-谷氨酰胺加 400ml 水（G 组）和 0.15g/kg 体重的 L-谷氨酰胺加 400ml 碱性水（A+G 组），连续三周。在训练前和训练后立即采集唾液样本，测量心率和运动感知用力程度，并检测唾液中α-淀粉酶活性和乳铁蛋白、免疫球蛋白 A（IgA）、睾酮和皮质醇的浓度。结果显示，训练后 A+G 组的α-淀粉酶活性/总蛋白（TP）比值显著升高，而 A 组和 G 组的比值没有变化；三组的乳铁蛋白/TP 和 IgA/TP 比值均无变化。训练后 A+G 组的唾液睾酮浓度显著升高，而 A 组和 G 组的唾液皮质醇浓度没有变化。结论：训练前同时饮用 400ml 碱性水和 0.15g/kg L-谷氨酰胺可增强拳击手的唾液α-淀粉酶活性和睾酮浓度，有利于运动后的恢复。
