Li Chia-Yang, Hsu Gi-Sheng, Suzuki Katsuhiko, Ko Miau-Hwa, Fang Shih-Hua
Department of Genome Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chin J Physiol. 2015 Aug 31;58(4):263-9. doi: 10.4077/CJP.2015.BAE367.
The exercise-stress model can be a model of temporary immunosuppression that occurs after severe physical and psychological stress. It also allows for the study of interactions between the endocrine and the immune systems. This study examined changes in salivary hormonal and immune factors in athletes in response to physical and psychological stress in a 5,000 m running competition. Eighteen endurance-trained runners (9 males and 9 females) participated in this study. All participants completed a competitive 5,000 m race. Saliva samples were collected 10 min before (PRE) and 10 min after (POST) the competition. Saliva was analyzed for α-amylase activity, concentrations of salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA), lactoferrin, cortisol, testosterone and total protein. Although the concentrations of salivary TP, SIgA, lactoferrin, cortisol and α-amylase activity were significantly increased immediately after a competitive 5,000 m race, the secretion rates of these factors were not significantly altered in both male and female groups. Additionally, basal levels of SIgA and α-amylase activity were significantly higher in female runners than in male runners. This gender difference still existed after the race. The secretion rates of testosterone decreased significantly after the race in the male, but not in the female group. Moreover, testosterone-to-cortisol (T/C) ratios were significantly lower post-competition compared to pre-competition in both male and female athletes. The T/C ratio had been used as a performance index for athletes. Whether there are correlations between these changes of their physiological characteristics and better running performance need further investigations.
运动应激模型可以是一种在严重身心应激后出现的暂时性免疫抑制模型。它还有助于研究内分泌系统与免疫系统之间的相互作用。本研究检测了运动员在5000米跑步比赛中，面对身心应激时唾液中激素和免疫因子的变化。18名经过耐力训练的跑步者（9名男性和9名女性）参与了本研究。所有参与者都完成了一场5000米的竞技比赛。在比赛前10分钟（PRE）和比赛后10分钟（POST）采集唾液样本。分析唾液中的α-淀粉酶活性、唾液免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）、乳铁蛋白、皮质醇、睾酮和总蛋白的浓度。尽管在5000米竞技比赛后，唾液总蛋白（TP）、SIgA、乳铁蛋白、皮质醇和α-淀粉酶活性的浓度立即显著升高，但这些因子的分泌率在男性和女性组中均未显著改变。此外，女性跑步者的SIgA基础水平和α-淀粉酶活性显著高于男性跑步者。赛后这种性别差异仍然存在。男性组赛后睾酮分泌率显著下降，而女性组则没有。此外，男女运动员赛后睾酮与皮质醇（T/C）比值均显著低于赛前。T/C比值一直被用作运动员的表现指标。这些生理特征的变化与更好的跑步成绩之间是否存在相关性，还需要进一步研究。
