Yi Ping, Qiang Xiaoman, Liu Shengxing, Han Yang, Li Yunfeng, Liu Hao, Wang Jinglei
Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China.
Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jan 26;13(3):374. doi: 10.3390/plants13030374.
An appropriate water supply strategy is imperative for obtaining tomatoes of a high yield and quality; the lack of one has caused resource wastage and quality deterioration. To determine the suitable irrigation amount and simulate daily transpiration under these optimal irrigation conditions, a two-year greenhouse cultivation experiment was conducted over 2022-2023. Commencing at anthesis, three distinct irrigation gradients were triggered and designated as irrigation controls with the lower limits set at 80% (T1), 70% (T2), and 60% (T3) of the substrate water-holding capacity. We determined the optimal irrigation amount by ranking the treatments using the TOPSIS method, balancing the tomato yield and quality. A segmented daily transpiration model under optimal irrigation conditions driven by crop and environmental factors was established using the Marquardt method and data from 2022, and the model was validated using data from 2023. The results indicated that T2 was the optimal irrigation amount, with the water use efficiency increased by 18.0%, but with a 10.9% decrease in yield, while the quality indices improved significantly. The values of the segmented model in the flowering and fruit-setting stage and the picking stage were 0.92 and 0.86, respectively, which could provide support for optimized water management for tomato planting in greenhouse substrate cultivation.
制定恰当的供水策略对于获得高产优质的番茄至关重要；缺乏这样的策略已导致资源浪费和品质下降。为了确定适宜的灌溉量并模拟这些最佳灌溉条件下的日蒸腾量，于2022 - 2023年进行了为期两年的温室栽培试验。从花期开始，设置了三个不同的灌溉梯度，并将其指定为灌溉对照，下限分别设定为基质持水量的80%（T1）、70%（T2）和60%（T3）。我们使用TOPSIS方法对各处理进行排序，平衡番茄产量和品质，从而确定最佳灌溉量。利用2022年的数据，采用Marquardt方法建立了由作物和环境因素驱动的最佳灌溉条件下的分段日蒸腾模型，并使用2023年的数据对该模型进行了验证。结果表明，T2是最佳灌溉量，水分利用效率提高了18.0%，但产量下降了10.9%，而品质指标显著改善。分段模型在开花坐果期和采摘期的 值分别为0.92和0.86，可为温室基质栽培番茄的优化水分管理提供支持。
