Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Seeley G. Mudd Room 501, Los Angeles, CA, 90063, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Behav Genet. 2024 May;54(3):268-277. doi: 10.1007/s10519-023-10176-5. Epub 2024 Feb 11.
Although research shows a strong positive association between perceived stress and loneliness, the genetic and environmental etiology underlying their association remains unknown. People with a genetic predisposition to perceived stress, for example, may be more prone to feeling lonely and vice versa. Conversely, unique factors in people's lives may explain differences in perceived stress levels that, in turn, affect feelings of loneliness. We tested whether genetic factors, environmental factors, or both account for the association between perceived stress and loneliness. Participants were 3,066 individual twins (n = 2,154, 70.3%) from the Washington State Twin Registry who completed a survey during April-May, 2020. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the item-level perceived stress and loneliness measures. The correlation between latent perceived stress and latent loneliness was .68. Genetic and nonshared environmental variance components underlying perceived stress accounted for 3.71% and 23.26% of the total variance in loneliness, respectively. The genetic correlation between loneliness and perceived stress was .45 and did not differ significantly between men and women. The nonshared environmental correlation was .54 and also did not differ between men and women. Findings suggest that holding constant the strong genetic association between perceived stress and loneliness, unique life experiences underlying people's perceived stress account for individual differences in loneliness.
虽然研究表明，感知压力与孤独感之间存在强烈的正相关关系，但它们之间关联的遗传和环境病因尚不清楚。例如，具有感知压力遗传倾向的人可能更容易感到孤独，反之亦然。相反，人们生活中的独特因素可能解释了感知压力水平的差异，而这些差异又反过来影响孤独感。我们测试了遗传因素、环境因素还是两者都解释了感知压力和孤独感之间的关联。参与者是来自华盛顿州双胞胎登记处的 3066 对个体双胞胎（n=2154，70.3%），他们在 2020 年 4 月至 5 月期间完成了一项调查。结构方程模型用于分析感知压力和孤独感的项目水平测量。潜在感知压力和潜在孤独感之间的相关系数为.68。感知压力的遗传和非共享环境方差分量分别占孤独感总方差的 3.71%和 23.26%。孤独感和感知压力之间的遗传相关性为.45，在男性和女性之间没有显著差异。非共享环境相关性为.54，在男性和女性之间也没有差异。研究结果表明，在感知压力和孤独感之间存在强烈的遗传关联的情况下，人们感知压力背后的独特生活经历解释了孤独感的个体差异。
