Department of Animal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Top Companion Anim Med. 2024 Mar-Apr;59:100856. doi: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100856. Epub 2024 Feb 10.
An 11-year-old male Schnauzer dog was referred for investigation of cough and regurgitation of one month duration and gradual hyporexia for the previous five months. Complete blood count showed severe leukocytosis. On ventrodorsal and lateral thoracic radiographs a soft tissue mass was visible in the craniodorsal mediastinum. Endoscopy showed esophageal dilatation and an irregular, nodular, friable, exophytic mass in the thoracic esophagus, which was invasive, vascularized and had ulcerated areas. The mass occluded approximately 90% of the esophageal lumen. The mucosa in the orad portion of the thoracic esophagus was pale and the aborad portion was hyperemic (red) with hemorrhages. The mucosa of the cervical and abdominal esophagus was macroscopically unremarkeble. Multiple biopsies using endoscopic cup biopsy forceps were taken from the mass for histopathologic analysis and a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed. Histopathologic analysis of the biopsy samples was inconclusive due to the marked necrosis. The poor clinical condition of the dog precluded a more invasive approach, and palliative and supportive treatment was continued. After 100 days of follow-up, clinical signs worsened, and that day the dog had a fatal cardiac arrest due to aspiration pneumonia and sepsis. Postmortem examination showed a multilobulated mass in the esophageal wall with infiltration into the overlying esophageal mucosa and pulmonary and renal metastases. Histological examination revealed a poorly differentiated sarcoma. On immunohistochemical examination, the neoplastic cells showed marked cytoplasmic staining for vimentin and Iba-1. The proliferative rate was approximately 30% by Ki-67. Histological and immunohistochemical examination revealed the esophageal mass to be a primary histiocytic sarcoma. Histiocytic sarcoma is an extremely rare primary esophageal neoplasm in humans, and so far, there is no description in dogs. To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first case of primary esophageal histiocytic sarcoma in dogs. The clinical information reported here should improve recognition and aid in diagnosis of future cases.
一只 11 岁雄性雪纳瑞犬因咳嗽和一个月前开始的呕吐以及过去五个月逐渐食欲减退而被转介进行检查。全血细胞计数显示严重的白细胞增多。在腹背位和侧位胸部 X 光片上，颅背纵隔内可见软组织肿块。内窥镜检查显示食管扩张，胸段食管有不规则、结节状、易碎、外生的肿块，具有侵袭性、血管化和溃疡区域。肿块阻塞了食管腔约 90%。胸段食管的近端黏膜苍白，远端黏膜充血（红色）伴出血。颈段和腹部食管的黏膜在肉眼下无明显异常。使用内镜杯状活检钳从肿块中采集了多个活检样本进行组织病理学分析，并进行了经皮内镜胃造口术。由于明显的坏死，活检样本的组织病理学分析没有定论。由于狗的临床状况不佳，无法进行更具侵袭性的检查，因此继续进行姑息和支持性治疗。在 100 天的随访后，临床症状恶化，当天由于吸入性肺炎和败血症导致狗发生致命性心脏骤停。尸检显示食管壁有多个叶状肿块，浸润到覆盖的食管黏膜以及肺部和肾脏转移。组织学检查显示为低分化肉瘤。在免疫组织化学检查中，肿瘤细胞的细胞质对波形蛋白和 Iba-1 呈明显染色。Ki-67 增殖率约为 30%。组织学和免疫组织化学检查显示食管肿块为原发性组织细胞肉瘤。组织细胞肉瘤是一种非常罕见的人类原发性食管肿瘤，到目前为止，在狗中没有描述。据作者所知，这是首例狗原发性食管组织细胞肉瘤。这里报告的临床信息应提高对未来病例的认识和辅助诊断。
