Liu Kaiying, Sun Hongyue, Zhao Xin, Wang Chaoqun, An Changting, Li Ang, Liu Shufang, Zhuang Zhimeng
National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao Shandong China.
College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Feb 8;14(2):e10944. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10944. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The order Tetraodontiformes are one of the most unique groups of teleostean fish, exhibiting highly derived and greatly diversified phenotypes. It is a difficult task for both professionals and nonprofessionals to accurately identify these species only according to morphological characteristics. DNA barcoding can identify species at the molecular level to overcome the limitations of morphological classification. In this study, we collected 616 specimens of pufferfish from the coastal waters of China. According to the morphological characteristics, they were preliminarily identified as 50 species. Further analysis using DNA barcodes identified these specimens as 46 species, belonging to 23 genera, 6 families. According to the species classification results of DNA barcoding, the three species identified by morphology as , , and should be the same species. Similarly, is the synonym of . Another important discovery of DNA barcoding analysis is that there are closer interspecific genetic distances within the genus . If , , and are taken as one species, the average interspecific to intraspecific genetic distance ratio of is only 6.21 times, which does not reach the DNA barcoding threshold of more than 10 times proposed previously. Although the interspecific genetic distance in the genus is relatively small, each species can be clustered into independent clades in the NJ tree. In conclusion, this study not only found that there are synonymous phenomena in the order Tetraodontiformes but also provided molecular evidence for the valid species names of and . The results can provide reliable DNA barcoding information for the identification of pufferfish species, help solve the problem of classification confusion in this order, and provide technical support for the identification of the original components of related commodities on the aquatic product market.
鲀形目是硬骨鱼中最独特的类群之一，具有高度特化且极为多样的表型。仅依据形态特征准确鉴定这些物种，对于专业人士和非专业人士而言都是一项艰巨的任务。DNA条形码技术能够在分子水平上鉴定物种，从而克服形态分类的局限性。在本研究中，我们从中国沿海水域采集了616份河豚标本。依据形态特征，它们初步被鉴定为50个物种。通过DNA条形码的进一步分析，这些标本被鉴定为46个物种，隶属于23个属、6个科。根据DNA条形码的物种分类结果，形态学鉴定为[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]和[具体物种3]的三个物种应为同一物种。同样，[具体物种4]是[具体物种5]的同义词。DNA条形码分析的另一个重要发现是，[具体属]内种间遗传距离更近。若将[具体物种6]、[具体物种7]和[具体物种8]视为一个物种，[具体属]的平均种间与种内遗传距离比值仅为6.21倍，未达到先前提出的10倍以上的DNA条形码阈值。尽管[具体属]内种间遗传距离相对较小，但每个物种在NJ树中都能聚为独立的分支。总之，本研究不仅发现鲀形目中存在同义现象，还为[具体物种9]和[具体物种10]的有效物种名提供了分子证据。研究结果可为河豚物种鉴定提供可靠的DNA条形码信息，有助于解决该目分类混乱的问题，并为水产品市场上相关商品原成分的鉴定提供技术支持。
