眼科在急性视力丧失分诊的远程卒中会诊中的作用。

The Role of Ophthalmology in Tele-Stroke Consults for Triaging Acute Vision Loss.

作者信息

Artymowicz Anna, Douglas Christina, Cockerham Kimberly

机构信息

West Coast Eye Institute, Bakersfield, CA, USA.

Southeast Eye Specialists, Knoxville, TN, USA.

出版信息

Open Access Emerg Med. 2024 Feb 5;16:45-56. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S395588. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Advances in telemedicine have allowed physicians to provide care in areas that were previously geographically or practically inaccessible. Roughly 70% of all US hospital have less than 200 bed capacity and nearly 50% have fewer than 100 beds. These smaller hospitals often do not have specialists available for bedside patient care, making them potential beneficiaries of telemedicine medical specialty services. In 2005, the American Stroke Association proposed implementing telemedicine services in effort to increase access to acute stroke care in neurologically underserved areas such as small hospitals. Tele-stroke services have since become established across the country and are now utilized by approximately 30% of US hospitals. By reducing the time between presentation and evaluation by a stroke specialist, tele-stroke programs have successfully increased patient access to life-saving treatment with tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) treatments. This change has been especially profound remote and underserved community hospitals. However in the evaluation of acute vision loss, an area where ophthalmology and stroke care overlap, increased reliance on tele-stroke services has contributed to some unique challenges. Acute vision has a complex differential and is commonly a result of conditions other than stroke. When tele-stroke services are engaged for the evaluation of acute vision loss, the neurologist is asked to make medical decisions without complete information about the eye. This situation can expose patients to costly or inappropriate testing, unnecessary hospitalizations, or lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of non-neurologic conditions of the eye. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the overlap between stroke and vision loss, highlight the challenges inherent in using tele-stroke in evaluating acute vision loss and to offer our comments on how increased communication between emergency medicine, ophthalmology, and neurology services can ensure that patients with vision loss receive the highest standard of care in all hospitals.

摘要

远程医疗的进步使医生能够在以前地理上或实际中难以到达的地区提供医疗服务。美国所有医院中,约70%的床位容量不足200张,近50%的床位不足100张。这些规模较小的医院通常没有专科医生提供床边患者护理服务,这使它们成为远程医疗专科服务的潜在受益者。2005年,美国中风协会提议实施远程医疗服务,以增加在诸如小医院等神经科服务不足地区获得急性中风护理的机会。自那时起,远程中风服务已在全国范围内建立起来,目前约30%的美国医院在使用。通过缩短中风专科医生接诊与评估之间的时间,远程中风项目成功增加了患者接受组织纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)治疗这一救命治疗的机会。这种变化在偏远和服务不足的社区医院尤为显著。然而,在急性视力丧失的评估中,这是一个眼科和中风护理重叠的领域,对远程中风服务的依赖增加带来了一些独特的挑战。急性视力丧失的鉴别诊断很复杂,通常是由中风以外的疾病引起的。当远程中风服务用于评估急性视力丧失时,神经科医生在没有关于眼睛的完整信息的情况下被要求做出医疗决策。这种情况可能会使患者面临昂贵或不适当的检查、不必要的住院治疗,或者导致眼部非神经疾病的诊断和治疗延迟。本文的目的是概述中风与视力丧失之间的重叠情况,强调在评估急性视力丧失时使用远程中风所固有的挑战,并就急诊医学、眼科和神经科服务之间加强沟通如何确保视力丧失患者在所有医院都能获得最高标准的护理发表我们的看法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a3ff/10854228/0e1922ab696c/OAEM-16-45-g0001.jpg

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