Kochanska Grazyna, An Danming
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2024 Dec;36(5):2066-2074. doi: 10.1017/S0954579424000075. Epub 2024 Feb 13.
The integrative nature of developmental psychopathology is its defining and most remarkable feature. Since its inception, often identified with the special issue of (Cichetti, 1984), this new discipline has shattered barriers and divisions that until then had artificially compartmentalized the study of human development, and perhaps even psychology in general, and it has proposed new ways of integrative thinking about development. One, developmental psychopathology has programmatically integrated research on typical or adaptive and atypical or maladaptive developmental processes and demonstrated how those inform each other. Two, developmental psychopathology has promoted bridges between developmental research and other disciplines. Three, less explicitly but equally importantly, developmental psychopathology has abolished conceptual and empirical barriers that had existed among various theories and perspectives within developmental psychology by creating a welcoming niche for research inspired by theories often historically seen as contradictory or incompatible. Ideas originating in psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, ethological, and sociocultural theories all find a welcoming home and seamlessly coexist in heuristically productive harmony within developmental psychopathology, inform each other, and generate exciting questions and insights. This eclectic and conceptually inclusive nature is one reason for developmental psychopathology's lasting appeal and inspirational power.
发展性心理病理学的综合性本质是其决定性的、最为显著的特征。自其诞生以来,通常与《发展心理学》(Cichetti,1984年)的特刊联系在一起,这一新学科打破了此前人为划分人类发展研究乃至整个心理学研究的障碍与隔阂,并提出了关于发展的综合性思维新方式。其一,发展性心理病理学通过规划性地整合对典型或适应性发展过程以及非典型或适应不良发展过程的研究,展示了这些研究如何相互启发。其二,发展性心理病理学促进了发展研究与其他学科之间的桥梁建设。其三,虽不那么明确但同样重要的是,发展性心理病理学通过为那些通常在历史上被视为相互矛盾或不相容的理论所启发的研究创造了一个适宜的空间,消除了发展心理学中各种理论和观点之间存在的概念和实证障碍。源自精神分析、学习、认知、习性学和社会文化理论的观点都能在发展性心理病理学中找到适宜的归宿,并在启发式的高效和谐中共存,相互启发,产生令人兴奋的问题和见解。这种折衷且概念上包容的本质是发展性心理病理学具有持久吸引力和启发性力量的一个原因。