Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
PeerJ. 2024 Feb 9;12:e16839. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16839. eCollection 2024.
subsp. is a critically endangered endemic taxa of the Sicilian flora. It is a relict of the Tertiary period surviving on the cliffs of Monte Gallo (NW-Sicily). This research focused on finding the best protocols for seed germination and vegetative and propagation to contribute to conservation. Seed germination tests were carried out using constant temperatures of 15 °C, 20 °C and 25 °C in continuous darkness and an alternating temperature of 30/15 °C (16 h/8 h, light/dark). The seeds had no dormancy, and a high germination capacity (70-95%) was obtained at all tested thermoperiods. The possibility of vegetative propagation of the taxon was evaluated through the rooting capacity of stem cuttings treated or not treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). All cuttings were treated with IBA rooted within 2 months, while only 50% of the untreated cuttings were rooted within a longer time. An efficient protocol for rapid propagation from leaf portions was developed. The response of explants was tested on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium and MS enriched with different types of cytokinins: 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and meta-Topolin (mT) in combination with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at the same concentration. The combination of mT (2 mg L) and 2,4-D (1 mg L) in the medium was the most effective and showed the highest percentage of callus induction and the mean number of regenerated shoots. The maximum rate of root regeneration and the maximum number and length of roots were obtained on hormone-free MS and MS enriched with IBA at concentrations of 1 mg L. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that subsp. can be successfully propagated using one of the tested techniques, subject to the availability of the material for reproduction.
subsp. 是西西里植物区系中一种极度濒危的特有分类群。它是第三纪幸存下来的遗迹，生长在蒙泰加罗（西西里岛西北部）的悬崖上。这项研究的重点是寻找最佳的种子萌发和营养繁殖方案，以促进保护。通过在连续黑暗中和 30/15°C（16 h/8 h，光照/黑暗）的交替温度下使用 15°C、20°C 和 25°C 的恒定温度进行种子发芽试验。种子没有休眠，在所有测试的温度下都获得了高发芽率（70-95%）。通过评估茎段插条的生根能力，评估了该分类群营养繁殖的可能性，这些插条未经或经吲哚-3-丁酸（IBA）处理。所有插条经 IBA 处理后在 2 个月内生根，而未经处理的插条在较长时间内只有 50%生根。开发了一种从叶片部分快速繁殖的有效方案。在无激素 Murashige 和 Skoog（MS）基本培养基和含有不同类型细胞分裂素的 MS 培养基上测试外植体的反应：6-苄基氨基嘌呤（BAP）和 meta-托品（mT）与萘乙酸（NAA）和 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）以相同的浓度组合。培养基中 mT（2 mg L）和 2,4-D（1 mg L）的组合最有效，诱导愈伤组织的百分比和再生芽的平均数量最高。在无激素 MS 和含有 IBA 的 MS 培养基上，生根率最高，根的数量和长度最大，浓度为 1 mg L。从获得的结果可以得出结论，subsp. 可以使用测试的技术之一成功繁殖，前提是有繁殖材料。
