Niu Zhangtai, Xiao Juan, Hu Chuxi, Yang Yunchen, Shi Sijing, Lu Xiaoyu, Yin Yian, Li Ze, Wu Lingli
Lutou National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Forest Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.
State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
PeerJ. 2025 May 7;13:e19395. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19395. eCollection 2025.
Maxim. is a high-quality, high-yield, edible oil tree species native to eastern Asia, where it plays important roles in ensuring national food and oil security, promoting ecological development, and facilitating rural revitalization. However, the commercial development of . has been hampered by the fact that it is primarily propagated by seeds, the required dormancy of which leads to low natural germination rates. Tissue culture technology offers the advantages of rapid propagation, high multiplication rates, and independence from seasonal factors, enabling the rapid production of large quantities of high-quality seedlings. The aim of this study was to establish an efficient aseptic germination system for seeds.
This study utilized . seeds as the experimental material to investigate the effects of different disinfection times, basic medium variations, activated carbon (AC) concentrations, and the types and concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on aseptic germination. Subsequently, sterile seedlings were used as explants to screen for the effects of sucrose concentration and the types and concentrations of PGRs on rooting. The study also investigated how different substrate ratios and container types influenced the post-transplant survival rate of tissue-cultured . seedlings.
The results showed that the optimal time was 10 min for . seed disinfection with 0.1% HgCl. The most suitable medium for . seed germination was 1/2 MS medium supplemented with GA (1.0 mg·L) and AC (1.0 g·L), achieving a germination rate of 96.0%. A sucrose concentration of 10.0 g·L was most beneficial for rooting. When using a single plant growth regulator, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) had the most significant effect on . root induction. The optimal medium for root development was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with IBA (0.3 mg·L) and α-naphthyl acetic acid (NAA) (0.5 mg·L), resulting in a 100% rooting rate and an average of 22.17 roots. These roots had an average length of 3.4 cm and were abundant and vigorous. Tissue-cultured seedlings were transplanted into transparent plastic cups containing a mixed substrate of organic nutrient soil (BALTIC PEAT), perlite, and vermiculite in a ratio of 2:1:1 (V/V/V). They grew vigorously, with a survival rate as high as 96.67%. The findings of this study can provide technical support for the factory breeding of . seedlings.
元宝枫是一种原产于东亚的优质、高产食用油树种，在保障国家粮油安全、促进生态发展和推动乡村振兴方面发挥着重要作用。然而，元宝枫的商业开发受到其主要通过种子繁殖这一事实的阻碍，种子所需的休眠导致自然发芽率较低。组织培养技术具有繁殖速度快、增殖率高且不受季节因素影响的优点，能够快速生产大量优质苗木。本研究的目的是建立元宝枫种子高效无菌萌发体系。
本研究以元宝枫种子为实验材料，研究不同消毒时间、基本培养基变化、活性炭（AC）浓度以及植物生长调节剂（PGR）的种类和浓度对无菌萌发的影响。随后，以无菌苗为外植体，筛选蔗糖浓度以及PGR的种类和浓度对生根的影响。该研究还调查了不同基质比例和容器类型如何影响组培元宝枫幼苗的移栽后成活率。
结果表明，用0.1% HgCl₂对元宝枫种子消毒的最佳时间为10分钟。最适合元宝枫种子萌发的培养基是添加GA（1.0 mg·L）和AC（1.0 g·L）的1/2 MS培养基，发芽率达到96.0%。10.0 g·L的蔗糖浓度最有利于生根。当使用单一植物生长调节剂时，吲哚-3-丁酸（IBA）对元宝枫生根诱导的影响最为显著。根系发育的最佳培养基是添加IBA（0.3 mg·L）和α-萘乙酸（NAA）（0.5 mg·L）的Murashige和Skoog（MS）培养基，生根率达100%，平均生根数为22.17条。这些根平均长度为3.4 cm，且粗壮有力。组培苗被移栽到装有有机营养土（波罗的海泥炭）、珍珠岩和蛭石比例为2:1:1（V/V/V）混合基质的透明塑料杯中。它们生长旺盛，成活率高达96.67%。本研究结果可为元宝枫苗木的工厂化育苗提供技术支持。
