Bartlett Victoria L, Doernberg Harry, Mooghali Maryam, Gupta Ravi, Wallach Joshua D, Nyhan Kate, Chen Kai, Ross Joseph S
Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.
BMJ Med. 2024 Feb 10;3(1):e000627. doi: 10.1136/bmjmed-2023-000627. eCollection 2024.
To better understand the state of research on the effects of climate change on human health, including exposures, health conditions, populations, areas of the world studied, funding sources, and publication characteristics, with a focus on topics that are relevant for populations at risk.
Cross sectional study.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences climate change and human health literature portal, a curated bibliographical database of global peer reviewed research and grey literature was searched. The database combines searches of multiple search engines including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, and includes added-value expert tagging of climate change exposures and health impacts.
Inclusion criteria were peer reviewed, original research articles that investigated the health effects of climate change and were published in English from 2012 to 2021. After identification, a 10% random sample was selected to manually perform a detailed characterisation of research topics and publication information.
10 325 original research articles were published between 2012 and 2021, and the number of articles increased by 23% annually. In a random sample of 1014 articles, several gaps were found in research topics that are particularly relevant to populations at risk, such as those in the global south (134 countries established through the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation) (n=444; 43.8%), adults aged 65 years or older (n=195; 19.2%), and on topics related to human conflict and migration (n=25; 2.5%) and food and water quality and security (n=148; 14.6%). Additionally, fewer first authors were from the global south (n=349; 34.4%), which may partly explain why research focusing on these countries is disproportionally less.
Although the body of research on the health effects of climate change has grown substantially over the past decade, including those with a focus on the global south, a disproportionate focus continues to be on countries in the global north and less at risk populations. Governments are the largest source of funding for such research, and governments, particularly in the global north, need to re-orient their climate and health research funding to support researchers in the global south and to be more inclusive of issues that are relevant to the global south.
为了更好地了解气候变化对人类健康影响的研究现状，包括暴露因素、健康状况、人群、世界研究地区、资金来源和出版特征，重点关注与高危人群相关的主题。
横断面研究。
检索了美国国立环境卫生科学研究所气候变化与人类健康文献门户网站，这是一个经过整理的全球同行评审研究和灰色文献的书目数据库。该数据库结合了多个搜索引擎（包括PubMed、科学网和谷歌学术）的搜索结果，并且包含气候变化暴露因素和健康影响的增值专家标签。
纳入标准为2012年至2021年期间发表的、经同行评审的、调查气候变化对健康影响的原创研究文章，且语言为英语。识别后，随机抽取10%的样本，人工对研究主题和出版信息进行详细描述。
2012年至2021年期间共发表了10325篇原创研究文章，文章数量每年增长23%。在1014篇文章的随机样本中，发现与高危人群特别相关的研究主题存在一些空白，例如全球南方国家（通过联合国南南合作办公室确定的134个国家）（n = 444；43.8%）、65岁及以上成年人（n = 195；19.2%）以及与人类冲突和移民相关的主题（n = 25；2.5%）和食品与水质及安全相关的主题（n = 148；14.6%）。此外，来自全球南方的第一作者较少（n = 349；34.4%），这可能部分解释了为何针对这些国家的研究相对较少。
尽管过去十年间关于气候变化对健康影响的研究数量大幅增长，包括那些关注全球南方的研究，但研究仍不成比例地集中在全球北方国家和风险较低的人群。政府是此类研究的最大资金来源，政府，尤其是全球北方的政府，需要重新调整其气候与健康研究资金的方向，以支持全球南方的研究人员，并更全面地涵盖与全球南方相关的问题。
