Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, UMIT Tirol, Hall, Austria.
Exp Gerontol. 2024 Apr;188:112378. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112378. Epub 2024 Feb 20.
Age-associated remodeling processes affect the intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) network, which may significantly impair muscle function. Thus, we aimed to test whether including exercises shown to efficiently target the IMCT to a conventional resistance exercise intervention (CONV) would result in greater functional gains as compared to CONV alone. Fifty-three men and women (66.2 ± 3.3 years) were assigned to either CONV (n = 15), multimodal training (MULTI; n = 17) or a control (CTRL; n = 21) group. All subjects were tested at baseline, and those assigned to CONV or MULTI underwent a 16-week training intervention. The CONV group followed a progressive resistance training program, in which the number of weekly training sessions gradually increased from 1 to 3. In the MULTI group, one of these sessions was replaced with plyometric training, followed by self-myofascial release. Testing included maximal strength and power, imaging-based muscle volume, architecture, and functional performance. The intervention effects were analyzed using two- or three-way repeated measures ANOVA models (α = 0.05). Briefly, the maximal knee extension isometric contraction, one-repetition maximum, and isokinetic peak torque increased in all groups (p < 0.05), albeit to a lesser extent in CTRL. On the other hand, quadriceps femoris muscle volume (p = 0.019) and vastus lateralis pennation angle (p < 0.001) increased only in the MULTI group. Handgrip strength did not change in response to the intervention (p = 0.312), whereas Sit-to-Stand performance improved in all groups after the first 8-wks, but only in MULTI and CONV after 16-wks (all p < 0.001). In conclusion, we found that a resistance training intervention in which one weekly training session is replaced by plyometric training is feasible and as effective as a program consisting solely of conventional strength training sessions for inducing gains in muscle strength and function in older adults. Muscle size and architecture improved only in the MULTI group. German Clinical Trials: DRKS00015750.
年龄相关的重塑过程会影响肌肉内结缔组织（IMCT）网络，这可能会显著损害肌肉功能。因此，我们旨在测试将针对 IMCT 的练习纳入常规抗阻运动干预（CONV）是否会比单独 CONV 获得更大的功能增益。53 名男性和女性（66.2±3.3 岁）被分配到 CONV（n=15）、多模态训练（MULTI；n=17）或对照组（CTRL；n=21）。所有受试者均在基线时进行测试，CONV 或 MULTI 组接受了 16 周的训练干预。CONV 组进行了渐进式抗阻训练计划，每周训练次数逐渐从 1 次增加到 3 次。在 MULTI 组中，其中一次训练被替换为增强式训练，然后进行自我肌筋膜松解。测试包括最大力量和功率、基于成像的肌肉体积、结构和功能表现。使用两因素或三因素重复测量方差分析模型（α=0.05）分析干预效果。简要地说，所有组的最大膝关节等长收缩、一次重复最大和等速峰值扭矩均增加（p<0.05），但 CTRL 组的增加幅度较小。另一方面，股四头肌肌肉体积（p=0.019）和股外侧肌羽状角（p<0.001）仅在 MULTI 组中增加。握力在干预后没有变化（p=0.312），而所有组在 8 周后首次和 16 周后（均 p<0.001）都能提高坐立起身表现。总之，我们发现，每周一次的训练课程被增强式训练替代的抗阻训练干预是可行的，并且与仅由常规力量训练课程组成的方案一样有效，可引起老年人肌肉力量和功能的增益。仅在 MULTI 组中肌肉大小和结构得到改善。德国临床试验：DRKS00015750。
