School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Inner Mongolia Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 017004, Inner Mongolia, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Mar;31(13):19516-19542. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32352-8. Epub 2024 Feb 15.
The construction of a pumped storage hydropower plant (PSHP) in an abandoned open-pit mine is a potential alternative to green mining and energy storage, which can increase the utilization rate of renewable energy and develop residual resources of abandoned mines. Dynamic surface subsidence affected by combined underground and open-pit mining (CUOPM) seriously affects the construction and operation of the PSHP and is one of the critical scientific issues that needs to be solved immediately. The stability of the PSHP was analyzed and treatment scheme of the goafs was proposed based on on-site measurement, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. First, the distribution of goafs in the Haizhou open-pit mining area was investigated and surface subsidence value was obtained using InSAR technology and ground monitoring. Secondly, the surface subsidence mechanism affected by CUOPM is analyzed and indicates the subsidence maximum values and scope of influence are greater than those of single underground mining. A dynamic surface subsidence prediction model for combined mining is established based on the Knothe time function model. Thirdly, based on the CVISC model, the numerical calculation models were established by using FLAC3D, and the characteristics and laws of surface subsidence in different periods of CUOPM were studied. The comparative analysis of the observation results shows that the proposed model and numerical simulation calculation method have excellent applicability and accuracy. Finally, a stability evaluation method of PSHP was established, and the results of the evaluation show that the affected areas are the semi-ground powerhouse (SGPH) and the west side of the lower reservoir. The method of grouting filling was used to treat the goafs, and the results showed that it effectively alleviates the dynamic surface subsidence affected by CUOPM, and provides a safety guarantee for PSHP.
在废弃露天矿场建设抽水蓄能电站是绿色采矿和储能的一种潜在替代方案，可以提高可再生能源的利用率和开发废弃矿山的剩余资源。联合地下开采和露天开采（CUOPM）引起的动态地表沉降严重影响了抽水蓄能电站的建设和运行，是需要立即解决的关键科学问题之一。基于现场测量、理论分析和数值模拟，对抽水蓄能电站的稳定性进行了分析，并提出了采空区的处理方案。首先，利用 InSAR 技术和地面监测调查了海州露天矿区采空区的分布，并获得了地表沉降值。其次，分析了 CUOPM 影响下的地表沉降机理，表明沉降最大值和影响范围大于单一地下开采。基于 Knothe 时间函数模型，建立了联合开采的动态地表沉降预测模型。第三，基于 CVISC 模型，利用 FLAC3D 建立了数值计算模型，研究了 CUOPM 不同时期的地表沉降特征和规律。观测结果的对比分析表明，所提出的模型和数值模拟计算方法具有优异的适用性和准确性。最后，建立了抽水蓄能电站稳定性评价方法，评价结果表明，受影响的区域是半地下式厂房（SGPH）和下水库的西侧。采用注浆充填法对采空区进行处理，结果表明，该方法有效缓解了 CUOPM 引起的动态地表沉降，为抽水蓄能电站提供了安全保障。
