Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Iran J Med Sci. 2024 Feb 1;49(2):77-87. doi: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96892.2855. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The aggregation of clonal plasma cells causes plasma cell neoplasms, which vary in severity and clinical outcomes. The present research focused on the epidemiological, clinical, immunologic, and cytogenetic characteristics of plasma cell neoplasms.
In this five-year retrospective cross-sectional study, demographic information such as age and sex, calcium elevation, renal insufficiency, anemia, and bone lesion (CRAB) characteristics, as well as laboratory data including bone marrow and peripheral blood film results, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and cytogenetic study outcomes were collected at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics software (version 20.0). Descriptive statistics were reported as numbers, percentages, and mean±SD.
417 newly diagnosed plasma cell neoplasm patients were confirmed by bone marrow or other tissue biopsy tests. 279 patients were men (66.9%). The most prevalent age group was 60-64 years old (18.46%). Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) affected 355 (85.13%) patients, while monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) affected 6 (1.43%) patients. Solitary plasmacytoma was seen in 56 (13.42%) patients. At the time of diagnosis, 119 (33.52%) of 355 PCM patients were asymptomatic, whereas 236 (66.47%) patients had at least one CRAB symptom, 55 (15.49%) had two or more, and 14 (3.94%) had three or more. There were 7 (1.97%) cases of amyloidosis. Cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 51.28% (40/78) of the patients. Twenty-one individuals (52.5%) were hyperdiploid with multiple trisomy, while 19 (47.50%) were not.
When diagnosed, Iranian PCM patients might have more advanced disease. PCM was more prevalent in young adults, and hyperdiploid was the most common cytogenetic finding in this investigation.
克隆性浆细胞聚集导致浆细胞肿瘤，其严重程度和临床结局存在差异。本研究聚焦于浆细胞肿瘤的流行病学、临床、免疫和细胞遗传学特征。
在这项为期五年的回顾性横断面研究中，我们收集了伊朗设拉子谢里夫医科大学的人口统计学信息，如年龄和性别、钙升高、肾功能不全、贫血和骨病变（CRAB）特征，以及实验室数据，包括骨髓和外周血片结果、免疫组织化学、流式细胞术和细胞遗传学研究结果。使用 SPSS Statistics 软件（版本 20.0）分析收集的数据。描述性统计数据以数字、百分比和平均值±标准差表示。
通过骨髓或其他组织活检检查，我们确诊了 417 例新诊断的浆细胞肿瘤患者。279 例患者为男性（66.9%）。最常见的年龄组为 60-64 岁（18.46%）。浆细胞瘤（PCM）影响了 355 例（85.13%）患者，而意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白病（MGUS）影响了 6 例（1.43%）患者。孤立性浆细胞瘤见于 56 例（13.42%）患者。在诊断时，355 例 PCM 患者中有 119 例（33.52%）无症状，而 236 例（66.47%）患者至少有一个 CRAB 症状，55 例（15.49%）有两个或更多，14 例（3.94%）有三个或更多。有 7 例（1.97%）患者患有淀粉样变性。在 78 例患者中，有 51.28%（40 例）存在细胞遗传学异常。21 例（52.5%）为超二倍体，伴有多发性三体，19 例（47.50%）为非超二倍体。
伊朗 PCM 患者在诊断时可能处于更晚期的疾病状态。PCM 在年轻成年人中更为常见，而在本研究中，超二倍体是最常见的细胞遗传学发现。
