Ibañez Noriega Ivan, Sagastume Gutiérrez Alexis, Cabello Eras Juan J
HITACHI TRUCK MANUFACTURING (HTM), CHM Minería SAS, Calle 30 No.6B-25, Barranquilla, Colombia.
Department of Energy, Universidad de La Costa, Calle 58 No. 55-66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
Heliyon. 2024 Feb 1;10(3):e25358. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25358. eCollection 2024 Feb 15.
Heavy-duty mining trucks are essential for open-pit mining and are significant energy consumers, stressing the need for the mining industry to improve the fuel economy of mining trucks. However, there is a limited discussion on this topic in the specialized literature, mainly focusing on light-duty vehicles. This article discusses the energy and exergy balances of heavy-duty mining trucks operating in an open pit mine in Colombia. Results show saving opportunities by either using batteries or producing hydrogen with the power from regenerative brakes, reducing heat losses in the engine, recovering heat losses with combustion gases using thermoelectric generators, and replacing mechanical pumps with electrical pumps. The assessment shows that reducing engine heat losses by coating the cylinder, cylinder head, and piston crown can reduce fuel consumption between 1.8 % and 9.1 %. Moreover, the production of hydrogen, while economically feasible, needs to assess the implementation of electrolyzers in mining trucks. Other measures are not economically viable. Using batteries, which requires adding 12 t of weight to the truck, reduces truck productivity. Finally, using thermoelectric generators and replacing mechanical pumps shows marginal opportunities to reduce fuel consumption.
重型矿用卡车是露天采矿必不可少的设备，也是能源消耗大户，这凸显了采矿业提高矿用卡车燃油经济性的必要性。然而，专业文献中对这一主题的讨论有限，主要集中在轻型车辆上。本文讨论了在哥伦比亚一个露天矿作业的重型矿用卡车的能量平衡和㶲平衡。结果表明，通过使用电池或利用再生制动的能量生产氢气、减少发动机的热损失、使用热电发电机回收燃烧气体的热损失以及用电动泵取代机械泵，可以实现节能。评估表明，通过对气缸、气缸盖和活塞顶进行涂层处理来减少发动机热损失，可使燃油消耗降低1.8%至9.1%。此外，氢气生产虽然在经济上可行，但需要评估在矿用卡车上安装电解槽的可行性。其他措施在经济上不可行。使用电池需要给卡车增加12吨重量，会降低卡车的生产率。最后，使用热电发电机和更换机械泵在降低燃油消耗方面的机会微乎其微。
